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Oceanic General Circulation Models
1998The practice of oceanic numerical modeling is growing rapidly. Among the reasons for this are the following: a widespread realization that model solutions can, either now or at least in the near future, be skillful in mimicking observed oceanic features; an understanding of the limitations of the alternative and more traditional scientific ...
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General Circulation Modelling of the Atmosphere
1990The principles involved in constructing and testing an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) are discussed. Surface fluxes simulated by versions of the Meteorological Office AGCM are presented and assessed against climatological data. Examples are given of the changes in surface fluxes in numerical experiments with CO2.
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Synoptic climatology and the general circulation model
Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment, 2010One of the main research directions of synoptic climatology in recent years has been its application to the output of general circulation models. These applications have spanned the wide array of synoptic techniques, from traditional ones such as correlation-based maps to more recently developed ones such as self-organizing maps and fuzzy clusters ...
Scott C. Sheridan, Cameron C. Lee
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The development of general circulation models of climate
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 2010Abstract With the coming of digital computers in the 1950s, a small American team set out to model the weather, followed by attempts to represent the entire general circulation of the atmosphere. The work spread during the 1960s, and by the 1970s a few modelers had produced somewhat realistic looking models of the planet’s regional climate pattern ...
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The epistemological status of general circulation models
Climate Dynamics, 2017Forecasts of both likely anthropogenic effects on climate and consequent effects on nature and society are based on large, complex software tools called general circulation models (GCMs). Forecasts generated by GCMs have been used extensively in policy decisions related to climate change.
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Computational Design of the Basic Dynamical Processes of the UCLA General Circulation Model
, 1977A. Arakawa, V. Lamb
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Validation of General Circulation Climate Models
1988Future climatic conditions are likely to differ noticeably from those of today because of the effects of increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. In order to have confidence in predictions of future climate, we must assess the reliability of the models used for prediction, that is, we must validate the models.
Benjamin D. Santer, Tom M. L. Wigley
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On Cirrus Modeling for General Circulation and Climate Models
2002Cirrus clouds are significant regulators of the earth's radiation budget. Cirrus generally have low ice water content, leading to partial transparency to radiation, and a variety of ice crystal types constitutes the cloud. As a consequence, cirrus have complex optical qualities, which are discussed in other chapters of this book.
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An oceanic general circulation model framed in hybrid isopycnic-Cartesian coordinates
, 2002R. Bleck
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The atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM 5. PART I: Model description
, 2003E. Roeckner +13 more
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