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General Circulation Modelling of the Atmosphere
1990The principles involved in constructing and testing an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) are discussed. Surface fluxes simulated by versions of the Meteorological Office AGCM are presented and assessed against climatological data. Examples are given of the changes in surface fluxes in numerical experiments with CO2.
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The Stratosphere in General Circulation Models
1993A simple discussion of the processes which maintain the mean state of the stratosphere is given in order to demonstrate how the stratosphere might influence the tropospheric circulation. A series of GCM studies which indicate that the strength of the polar night jet is important in determining the planetary wave structures in the troposphere are then ...
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Verification of General Circulation Models
2020Stochastic approach to verification of GCMs is advantageous because it allows one to use mathematically proper and reliable tools of analysis to test results of climate simulations, from local to global spatial scales. In this chapter, the autoregressive approach to analysis of scalar and bivariate time series is applied to test results of GCM ...
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Modeling the General Circulation of the Mediterranean
1994The general properties of the general circulation of the Mediterranean basin are first summarized and discussed, critically assessing the still unsolved questions related to it. Then, ongoing modeling efforts are presented that focus upon different aspects of the circulation, such as the wind-driven and/or the thermohaline components; the seasonal ...
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Parallel Grid Manipulations for General Circulation Models
2002In the last two decades the need for ever higher resolution simulations of atmospheric flow has required the distribution of the problem over networks of parallel processors. While methods, e.g. finite differences, finite volumes or finite elements, to solve these grid-based problems vary, the difficulties in the parallelization are similar. This paper
William B. Sawyer, Peter Messmer
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Oceanic General Circulation Models
1998The practice of oceanic numerical modeling is growing rapidly. Among the reasons for this are the following: a widespread realization that model solutions can, either now or at least in the near future, be skillful in mimicking observed oceanic features; an understanding of the limitations of the alternative and more traditional scientific ...
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