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Macrophages: Subtypes, Distribution, Polarization, Immunomodulatory Functions, and Therapeutics
MedComm, Volume 6, Issue 8, August 2025.Macrophages originate from the yolk sac, fetal liver, and bone marrow, differentiating into two main subtypes: M1‐like (proinflammatory) and M2‐like (anti‐inflammatory). These subtypes exhibit high plasticity, allowing them to transform in response to environmental cues or therapeutic interventions.
Mengyuan Peng +10 more
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Bone Tumors, 2021
Giant cell tumors are benign bone tumors, representing 5% of primary bone tumors with variable biological aggressiveness and controversial treatment. It more commonly occurs between the third and fourth decades of life and affects preferably the epiphysis of long bones, most of them with an eccentric lytic lesion around the knee.
D. Poitout
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Giant cell tumors are benign bone tumors, representing 5% of primary bone tumors with variable biological aggressiveness and controversial treatment. It more commonly occurs between the third and fourth decades of life and affects preferably the epiphysis of long bones, most of them with an eccentric lytic lesion around the knee.
D. Poitout
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Giant Cell Tumor of the Larynx
Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, 1998Among the more uncommon tumors that may sometimes be encountered in the laryngeal region is the recently described giant cell tumor of the larynx. This lesion is a true neoplasm, presumably of the fibrohistiocytic series. Histologically, it closely resembles the more familiar true giant cell tumor of long bone.
DEVANEY KO, FERLITO, Alfio, RINALDO A.
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Giant cell tumor of the capitate
MUSCULOSKELETAL SURGERY, 2011Giant cell tumors are primary bone tumors most often observed in the metaepiphyses of long bones; location in the hand, especially the carpal bones, is rare. We report a patient with recurrent giant cell tumor of the capitate and discuss treatment and prognosis in this rare site.
Angelini A +2 more
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Giant Cell Tumor of Bone [PDF]
Orthopedic Clinics of North America, 2006 Giant cell tumor is a common benign bone tumor that possesses specific features including location at the end of long bone, a strong tendency toward local recurrence, and the rare capacity to metastasize to the lungs. Preferred treatment usually consists of extensive curettage and filling of the cavity with bone graft or cement.
Robert E. Turcotte, Robert E. Turcotte
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Giant Cell Tumors of the Bone With Pulmonary Metastasis.
Orthopedics, 2016Giant cell tumors of the bone are benign but locally aggressive, and they rarely metastasize to the lungs. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review the clinical presentation, long-term outcomes, and treatment of pulmonary metastasis of ...
Chun-Chieh Chen +4 more
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Neurosurgery, 1993
Giant cell tumors of the skull are very rare and usually occur in the sphenoid bone. The authors report the case of a 10-year-old boy with such a tumor involving exclusively the roof of the left orbit. He presented essentially with edema of the left superior eyelid and diplopia. Computed tomographic examination and magnetic resonance imaging delineated
J. P. Deruaz +3 more
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Giant cell tumors of the skull are very rare and usually occur in the sphenoid bone. The authors report the case of a 10-year-old boy with such a tumor involving exclusively the roof of the left orbit. He presented essentially with edema of the left superior eyelid and diplopia. Computed tomographic examination and magnetic resonance imaging delineated
J. P. Deruaz +3 more
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2020
Giant cell tumor took the #12 position for ACF abnormalities as a “common” lytic, locally aggressive expansile tumor characterized by regular recurrence and sporadic metastasis. Although generally benign, 5–10% are malignant. Our Classic Clue describes a young adult female presenting with headache and cranial nerve deficits who is found to have an ...
F. Allan Midyett, Suresh K. Mukherji
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Giant cell tumor took the #12 position for ACF abnormalities as a “common” lytic, locally aggressive expansile tumor characterized by regular recurrence and sporadic metastasis. Although generally benign, 5–10% are malignant. Our Classic Clue describes a young adult female presenting with headache and cranial nerve deficits who is found to have an ...
F. Allan Midyett, Suresh K. Mukherji
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, 1976 It is sometimes difficult to differentiate between giant cells which stem from malignant tumors and those which are associated with infection. The giant cells that appear in cases of meningoencephalitis in children show great mitotic activity and are most often mistaken for cells of tumorous origin.
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