Results 1 to 10 of about 2,296,879 (356)

Measuring and Reducing LLM Hallucination without Gold-Standard Answers [PDF]

arXiv
LLM hallucination, i.e. generating factually incorrect yet seemingly convincing answers, is currently a major threat to the trustworthiness and reliability of LLMs. The first step towards solving this complicated problem is to measure it. However, existing hallucination metrics require having a benchmark dataset with gold-standard answers, i.e.
arxiv  

How accurately can quantitative imaging methods be ranked without ground truth: An upper bound on no-gold-standard evaluation [PDF]

arXiv
Objective evaluation of quantitative imaging (QI) methods with patient data, while important, is typically hindered by the lack of gold standards. To address this challenge, no-gold-standard evaluation (NGSE) techniques have been proposed. These techniques have demonstrated efficacy in accurately ranking QI methods without access to gold standards. The
arxiv  

Searching for Irving Fisher [PDF]

There is a long-standing debate as to whether the Fisher effect operated during the classical gold standard period. We break new ground on this question by developing a market-based measure of inflation expectations during the gold standard.
Mitchener , Kris James, Weidenmier , Marc D.   +1 more
core  

Intravascular ultrasound: a histological study of vessels during life. The new 'gold standard' for vascular imaging. [PDF]

, 1992
B. F. Waller, Cass A. Pinkerton, John D. Slack   +2 more
openalex   +1 more source

Did adhering to the gold standard reduce the cost of capital? [PDF]

A commonly cited benefit of the pre-World War One gold standard is that it reduced the cost of international borrowing by signaling a country’s commitment to financial probity.
Ben Chabot, Ron Alquist
core  

Serologic Detection of Helicobacter pylori Infection and the Required Cautions

Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2016
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori, as an etiologic cause of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer, should be tested and treated. The true state of infection can only be detected by isolation of gastric biopsies through the invasive method of gastroscopy ...
Maryam Esmaeili, Samaneh Saberi, Mehdi Alikhani, Mojgan Hatefi, Mohammad Tashakoripour, Mahmoud Eshagh Hosseini, Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi, Marjan Mohammadi   +7 more
doaj  

Saving, Investment, and Gold: A Reassessment of Historical Current Account Data [PDF]

This paper revises pre-World War II current account data for thirteen countries by treating gold flows on a consistent basis. The standard historical data sources often fail to distinguish between monetary gold exports, which are capital-account credits,
Matthew T. Jones, Maurice Obstfeld
core  

Validity of self-reported night shift work among women with and without breast cancer

Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the validity of self-reported information on ever-night shift work among women with and without breast cancer and illustrate the consequences for breast cancer risk estimates.
Jesper Medom Vestergaard, Jesper Nikolai Dietrich Haug, Annett Dalbøge, Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde, Anne Helene Garde, Johnni Hansen, Åse Marie Hansen, Ann Dyreborg Larsen, Mikko Härmä, Sadie Costello, Henrik Albert Kolstad   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source

From the Banks of the Orkhon to the Banks of the Neva: the History of Mining and Transit of Mongolian Gold to the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century.

Монголоведение
Introduction. This scientific study examines the history of the organization of gold mining in a Russian company — the Joint Stock Company of Mining of the Tushetukhanovsky and Tsetsenkhanovsky aimags in Mongolia (“Mongolor”).
Aldar A. Shirapov, Anna M. Plekhanova
doaj   +1 more source

England and the New Gold Standard, 1919-1926.

, 1929
D. T. Jack, William Adams Brown
openalex   +2 more sources