Results 301 to 310 of about 1,541,809 (319)
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Identifiability of Models for Multiple Diagnostic Testing in the Absence of a Gold Standard
Biometrics, 2009Summary We discuss the issue of identifiability of models for multiple dichotomous diagnostic tests in the absence of a gold standard (GS) test. Data arise as multinomial or product‐multinomial counts depending upon the number of populations sampled. Models are generally posited in terms of population prevalences, test sensitivities and specificities ...
Ronald Christensen +3 more
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Estimating Diagnostic Test Accuracy Using a "Fuzzy Gold Standard"
Medical Decision Making, 1995This study uses Monte Carlo methods to analyze the consequences of having a criterion standard ("gold standard") that contains some error when analyzing the accuracy of a diagnostic test using ROC curves. Two phenomena emerge: 1) When diagnostic test errors are statistically independent from inaccurate ("fuzzy") gold standard (FGS) errors, estimated ...
Charles E. Phelps, Alan D. Hutson
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“TAGS”, a program for the evaluation of test accuracy in the absence of a gold standard
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2002When a perfect reference test (i.e. "gold standard") is not available, it is possible to obtain estimates of test sensitivity and specificity using "latent-class" methods. However, there are few widely available software programs that allow implementation of these procedures.
Guillaume Gerbier +2 more
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Some issues in resolution of diagnostic tests using an imperfect gold standard
Statistics in Medicine, 2001AbstractAs a subject's true disease status is seldom known with certainty, it is necessary to compare the performance of new diagnostic tests with those of a currently accepted but imperfect ‘gold standard’. Errors made by the gold standard mean that the sensitivity and specificity calculated for the new test are biased, and do not correctly estimate ...
Betty Stephenson +2 more
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A Comparison of Multiple Testing Procedures for the Gold Standard Non-Inferiority Trial
Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics, 2010For the three-arm parallel-group design, several procedures have been proposed in the literature to control for the multiple type I error when all groups are to be statistically compared. Mere statements regarding the rejection of the null hypotheses are not satisfactory, but instead confidence intervals are more desirable.
Iris Pigeot, Joachim Röhmel
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The gold-standard in preclinical abuse liability testing: It's all relative
Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods, 2018All new molecular entities (NMEs) with targeted or indirect effects on the central nervous system (CNS) must be evaluated for their abuse liability as a part of their nonclinical development plan. Inherently key in the drug control review is the term "relative abuse liability".
David V. Gauvin +2 more
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Evaluating accuracy of diagnostic tests with intermediate results in the absence of a gold standard
Statistics in Medicine, 2012Intermediate test results often occur with diagnostic tests. When assessing diagnostic accuracy, it is important to properly report and account for these results. In the literature, these results are commonly discarded prior to analysis or treated as either a positive or a negative result.
Michael A. Black +2 more
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Acta Tropica, 2019
Well-defined diagnostic gold standards are rarely available for the diagnosis of rare diseases such as some tropical infections. Algorithms for reliable test evaluation without gold standard are therefore desirable. On the basis of previous work of Gart and Buck (1966); Rogan and Gladen (1978), and Hui and Walter (1980), a modeling approach for the ...
Hagen Frickmann +2 more
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Well-defined diagnostic gold standards are rarely available for the diagnosis of rare diseases such as some tropical infections. Algorithms for reliable test evaluation without gold standard are therefore desirable. On the basis of previous work of Gart and Buck (1966); Rogan and Gladen (1978), and Hui and Walter (1980), a modeling approach for the ...
Hagen Frickmann +2 more
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Making diagnoses with multiple tests under no gold standard
2018In many applications, it is common to have multiple diagnostic tests on each subject. When there are multiple tests available, combining tests to incorporate information from various aspects in subjects may be necessary in order to obtain a better diagnostic. For continuous tests, in the presence of a gold standard, we could combine the tests linearly [
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Estimating and Comparing Diagnostic Tests’ Accuracy When the Gold Standard Is Not Binary1
Academic Radiology, 2005Investigators often need to assess the accuracies of diagnostic tests when the gold standard is not binary-scale. The objective of this article is to describe nonparametric estimators of diagnostic test accuracy when the gold standard is continuous, ordinal, and nominal scale.A nonparametric method of estimating and comparing the area under receiver ...
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