Results 191 to 200 of about 2,694,104 (271)

Tracheal chambers as a key innovation for high‐frequency emission in bat echolocation

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Key innovations are pivotal for biodiversity and facilitating evolutionary success, enabling organisms' adaptation to various ecological niches through the diversification of phenotypic traits. In mammals, notable adaptations include evolving hypsodonty for grazing on grasses and, for bats, evolving echolocation and wing acquisition.
Nicolas L. M. Brualla, Laura A. B. Wilson, Khizar Hayat, Michael Doube, Vuong Tan Tu, Thongchai Ngamprasertwong, Thanakul Wannaprasert, Daisuke Koyabu   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Spontaneous playful teasing in four great ape species. [PDF]

Proc Biol Sci
Laumer IB, Winkler SL, Rossano F, Cartmill EA.   +3 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Human evolution and the obstetrical dilemma: The pelvic floor hypothesis

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Human childbirth is mechanically difficult because a large‐headed, broad‐shouldered fetus must pass through a comparatively narrow, twisted bony birth canal. Traditional explanations of this “obstetrical dilemma” emphasize the role of bipedal locomotion in inhibiting the evolution of a wider, more spacious pelvis.
Barbara Fischer, Ekaterina Stansfield
wiley   +1 more source

Pediatric Respiratory Pathogens Circulate in Children and Adults in Communities Near Susceptible Wild Great Ape Populations in Uganda. [PDF]

Transbound Emerg Dis
Tusiime P, Weary T, Pappas T, Tuhaise S, Akankwasa JW, Sempebwa D, Otali E, Asiimwe C, McLennan MR, Kalema-Zikusoka G, Ross E, Gern J, Goldberg T.   +12 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Scratching beneath the surface: intentionality in great ape signal production. [PDF]

Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 2020
Graham KE, Wilke C, Lahiff NJ, Slocombe KE.   +3 more
europepmc   +1 more source

The “costly son” hypothesis: Sons exacerbate obstetrical dilemmas in humans and other mammals

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Human childbirth has often been considered uniquely difficult among mammals, yet recent evidence suggests that obstructed labor and fetopelvic disproportion are widespread across placental mammals. Here, we propose the “costly son” hypothesis: because male offspring are typically larger at birth, they impose greater obstetric risk on mothers ...
Nicole D. S. Grunstra, Jonathan C. K. Wells   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

Tooth histotype and enameloid microstructure of Priohybodus arambourgi d'Erasmo, 1960 (Elasmobranchii: Hybodontiformes) from the Late Jurassic of northeastern Brazil

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Sharks possess varied diets and different prey capture mechanisms. As a result, the group exhibits a significant diversity in dental morphology, also reflecting the internal structures of the teeth. Internal dental anatomy points to the existence of three histotypes in elasmobranch phylogeny: orthodont, osteodont, and pseudoosteodont ...
Kelly Roberta da Silva, Valéria Gallo, Estevan Eltink   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Gaze into social bonds: Unlocking great ape emotions through eye-tracking. [PDF]

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Kret ME.
europepmc   +1 more source

Ampliconic Genes on the Great Ape Y Chromosomes: Rapid Evolution of Copy Number but Conservation of Expression Levels. [PDF]

Genome Biol Evol, 2020
Vegesna R, Tomaszkiewicz M, Ryder OA, Campos-Sánchez R, Medvedev P, DeGiorgio M, Makova KD.   +6 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Regional variability in skull sexual dimorphism: Olive baboons, blue monkeys, and vervets confirm the posterior region of the skull and the snout as opposite extremes of sex differences in Old World monkeys

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract This study, alongside prior work on crab‐eating macaques with O'Higgins, investigates regional variation in skull sexual dimorphism across different species of Old World monkeys. Findings reveal consistent patterns: the posterior skull regions (mandibular vertical ramus, chondrocranium and, possibly, the cranial vault) exhibit lower dimorphism,
Andrea Cardini
wiley   +1 more source