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Revisiting Grid-Forming and Grid-Following Inverters: A Duality Theory [PDF]
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2022 Power electronic converters for integrating renewable energy resources into power systems can be divided into grid-forming and grid-following inverters. They possess certain similarities, but several important differences, which means that the relationship between them is quite subtle and sometimes obscure.
Yitong Li, Yunjie Gu, Timothy C. Green
semanticscholar +10 more sources
Comparative Impedance Characteristic Analysis of Grid‐Following and Grid‐Forming Inverters
IET Renewable Power Generation, 2023 This paper comprehensively analyses the impedance characteristics of grid‐following (GFL) and grid‐forming (GFM) inverters at around synchronous frequency areas considering various operating and grid connection conditions and control settings.
Yonggang Zhang +3 more
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Control of Grid-Following Inverters Under Unbalanced Grid Conditions [PDF]
IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2020 This paper proposes a new control scheme to eliminate the 3rd harmonic in the output currents of grid-following inverters under unbalanced grid conditions. Unbalanced grids adversely affect the performance of grid-following inverters due to the oscillations appearing on the DC-link voltage with a frequency twice the line frequency.
Seyed Fariborz Zarei +5 more
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Enhancing microgrid resilience through integrated grid-forming and grid-following inverter strategies for solar PV battery control and fault ride-through [PDF]
Scientific ReportsThis study investigates the integration of a Grid-Forming (GFM) Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to enhance the stability of microgrids in the presence of high renewable energy penetration. The proposed GFM inverter, combined with BESS, significantly
Md Ismail Hossain +6 more
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Effect of grid‐following VSCs on frequency distribution of power grid
IET Renewable Power GenerationThe increasing penetration of grid‐following voltage source converters (GFL‐VSCs) in the power grid has changed the frequency dynamics of the system.
Qingyuan Ma +4 more
doaj +2 more sources
Tuning Method of a Grid-Following Converter for the Extremely-Weak-Grid Connection [PDF]
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2022 This paper proves that a grid-following converter can stably connect to a weak grid even short-circuit ratio (SCR) is 1. Root instability causes of this grid-following control are identified including fast control response, insufficient damping, and slow voltage support.
Chuanyue Li, Sheng Wang, Jun Liang
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Unified Virtual Oscillator Control for Grid-Forming and Grid-Following Converters [PDF]
IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2021 A unified virtual oscillator controller (uVOC) is proposed, which enables a unified analysis, design, and implementation framework for both grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) voltage source converters (VSCs). Oscillator based GFM controllers, such as dispatchable virtual oscillator control (dVOC), offer rigorous analytical framework with ...
M. A. Awal, Iqbal Husain
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Energies, 2022 Modular multilevel converters (MMC) can be used in several applications, especially (but not only) in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) and STATCOM.
Jaume Girona-Badia +10 more
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An Alternative Control Structure for Grid-Following Converters of Inverter-Based Resources
IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy, 2023 In this paper, an alternative control structure of grid-following control is proposed and applied in inverter-based resources (IBRs). An IBR’s grid-following control normally employs Power/Voltage (P/V) control strategy to control the output real ...
Zhixin Miao +3 more
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Comparison of the grid forming and grid following inverters connected to a real grid
, 2023 The growing utilization of wind and solar energy within energy grids has led to a demand for advanced technologies to oversee inverters effectively. These technologies are necessary for the smooth inclusion of renewable energy sources in the grid. Inverters hold a significant position in energy networks.
Gluščević, Jovana +2 more
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