Results 111 to 120 of about 23,199 (156)

Skin penetration and decontamination efficacy following human skin exposure to fentanyl

Toxicology in Vitro, 2020
Unintentional exposure to potent synthetic opioids during law enforcement seizures and rescue operations can potentially result in incapacitating effects or life-threatening respiratory depression. The hazard comes mainly from inhalation exposure, however, the skin contact risk should be considered.
Lina, Thors, Linda, Öberg, Emma, Forsberg, Elisabeth, Wigenstam, Andreas, Larsson, Anders, Bucht   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Recent Knowledge: Human/Animal Skin Decontamination

2019
Skin decontamination, an important step mitigating percutaneous absorption through the stratum corneum (SC), is a highly complex process. Thus, understanding diffusion mechanisms and measuring dermal absorption rates are critical to protect humans from toxic exposures. Here, highly varied literature is placed in a biological and clinical perspective in
Christina Phuong, Howard I. Maibach
openaire   +1 more source

Zinc oxide functionalized human hair: A potential water decontaminating agent

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2016
Nano-ZnO is an efficient photocatalyst that can be employed for water purification but its separation from water is difficult. Immobilization of nano-ZnO on a fibrous material is expected to add practicality to its application.We synthesized ZnO nanostructures on a natural waste, human hair, via a cost-effective process, characterized the system and ...
Somnath Das, Sher Singh Meena, Amitava Pramanik   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Efficacy of water skin decontamination in vivo in humans: A systematic review

Journal of Applied Toxicology, 2021
AbstractWith the constant possibility of occupational exposures, chemical warfare, and targeted attacks, increased attention has been given to determining effective and timely dermal decontamination strategies. This systematic review summarises experimental studies reporting decontamination with water‐based solutions of dermal chemical contaminants ...
Nadia Kashetsky, Rebecca M. Law, Howard I. Maibach   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

In vitro human skin permeation and decontamination of diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP) using Dermal Decontamination Gel (DDGel) and Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL) at different timepoints

Toxicology Letters, 2018
This study compared the efficiency for in vitro human skin decontamination using DDGel and RSDL when applied at different timepoints (5 min and 90 min). Experiments were performed using in vitro human skin models, in which skin was mounted onto Flow-Through diffusion cells.
Yachao Cao, Xiaoying Hui, Akram Elmahdy, Howard Maibach   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Human Scalp Decontamination After Chemical Warfare Agent Exposure

2013
The occurrence of exposure to chemical warfare agents is not limited to the military. The Tokyo subway attack in 1995 showed that civilians could also be exposed to highly toxic nerve agents. The primary routes of exposure to these compounds are inhalation and skin absorption.
P. Rolland, M.-A. Bolzinger, D. Josse, S. Briançon   +3 more
openaire   +1 more source

RSDL decontamination of human skin contaminated with the nerve agent VX

Toxicology Letters, 2017
Dermal exposure to low volatile organophosphorus compounds (OPC) may lead to penetration through the skin and uptake in the blood circulation. Skin decontamination of toxic OPCs, such as pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents, might therefore be crucial for mitigating the systemic toxicity following dermal exposure.
L, Thors, S, Lindberg, S, Johansson, B, Koch, M, Koch, L, Hägglund, A, Bucht   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Showering effectiveness for human hair decontamination of the nerve agent VX

Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2015
In this work, our goals were to establish whether hair decontamination by showering one hour post-exposure to the highly toxic organophosphate nerve agent VX was effective, whether it required the addition of a detergent to water and, if it could be improved by using the adsorbent Fuller's Earth (FE) or the Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL ...
Denis, Josse, Julien, Wartelle, Catherine, Cruz   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Decontamination of Synthetic Radioactive Fallout from the Intact Human Skin

American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 1958
The efficiency of nine different decontaminating agents for the removal of dry fall-out material from skin was tested using forty-five volunteer human subjects. All methods tested removed over 90% of activity, with the exception of water alone. The use of a pre-applied barrier cream did not significantly increase the decontamination efficiency of the ...
openaire   +2 more sources

Effect of sodium hypochlorite decontamination on the DNA recovery from human teeth

International Journal of Legal Medicine, 2019
Genetic identification of skeletal human remains is often realized by short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping of nuclear DNA. Dental DNA is preferred to DNA from bone for the better protection of the endogenous DNA. Especially if whole tooth grinding is intended to access the DNA, contaminations with exogenous DNA have to be avoided.
Katharina Koehn, Andreas Buettner, Iris Lindner   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources