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Condensation in Supersonic and Hypersonic Wind Tunnels
1958Publisher Summary In an isentropic expansion of a vapor mixture, the entropy of individual components is not necessarily constant. In an expansion of moist air, the presence of water vapor may be neglected until condensation occurs. The relative humidity of moist air during an expansion in a supersonic nozzle increases rapidly with increasing Mach ...
Wegener, P. P., Mack, L. M.
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A New Hypersonic High Enthalpy Wind Tunnel
33rd Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, 1997A hypersonic high enthalpy, arc heated, blow-down wind tunnel has been recently developed at Centrospazio in order to perform experiments in the low to medium Reynolds number range (10^4 - 10^6). The tunnel is capable of delivering Mach 6 flows up to 2-5 MJ/kg in specific total enthalpy on an effective test section 60 mm in diameter.
SCORTECCI +2 more
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The future of hypersonic wind tunnels
37th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 1999Introduction Aerospace plays a key role in the United States’ economy and national security. The recent Gulf War is a good example of the importance of aerospace systems. In the commercial sector, air travel continues to thrive. Aerospace technology and systems development capabilities existing in the United States today can be linked to the ...
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An Interpretable Aerodynamic Identification Model for Hypersonic Wind Tunnels
IEEE Transactions on Industrial InformaticsAerodynamic identification accuracy is one of the key factors determining the success or failure of hypersonic aircraft development. However, the inertial force (mid-frequency) generated by the shock flow and the instrument noise (high-frequency ...
Shichao Li +4 more
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Modern developments in hypersonic wind tunnels
The Aeronautical Journal, 2006AbstractThe development of new methods of producing hypersonic wind-tunnel flows at increasing velocities during the last few decades is reviewed with attention to airbreathing propulsion, hypervelocity aerodynamics and superorbital aerodynamics. The role of chemical reactions in these flows leads to use of a binary scaling simulation parameter, which ...
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Transition Mechanisms in Conventional Hypersonic Wind Tunnels
Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 2001A recently developed theory that addresses bypass transition is used to study mechanisms responsible for transition in two-dimensional/axisymmetric e ows in conventional hypersonic wind tunnels. It is shown that transition in such facilities, where the intensity is in excess of 1%, is a result of a combined bypass/second-mode mechanism.
R. D. McDaniel, H. A. Hassan
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Hypersonic Wind Tunnel Testing
1992In general, there are four primary reasons for wind tunnel testing: 1. understanding aerodynamic flow (research) 2. development of a database 3. parametric configuration studies and 4.
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Asymmetric Starting for Hypersonic Wind Tunnels
Journal of the Aerospace Sciences, 1958The method used to write down the preceding solution is based on the well-known analogy of one-dimensional heat flow with the flow of an electric current in a simple transmission line having only series resistance and parallel capacitance. Thus when a / ' temperature wave," propagated from the heat source, arrives at a point where the thermal ...
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Aerodynamic design of axisymmetric hypersonic wind tunnel nozzles
3rd Flight Test, Simulation, and Support Conference, 1969A unified approach to nozzle design is presented in which an inviscid contour is first determined and then corrected to account for the growth of a turbulent boundary layer along the contour. The inviscid contour is obtained by the axisymmetric method of characteristi cs from a prescribed distribution of velocity along the nozzle axis.
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Multi-Shock Hypersonic Wind Tunnel Operation
2005 U.S. Air Force T&E Days, 2005Free-jet testing of scramjet engines challenges the capabilities of ground test facilities since the test medium must provide true-temperature air at hypersonic speeds. These requirements also apply for some heatand mass-transfer measurements. A major problem for wind tunnels is the difficulty of heating air. Other facilities, such as shock tubes, have
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