Results 131 to 140 of about 615,598 (259)

Historical birth records from 1896 to 1944 from the Basel maternity hospital, Switzerland, reveal significant obstetric selection pressures

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality have declined dramatically during the last century. Historical data are therefore important sources to study the evolutionary selection pressures related to childbirth and how they have fluctuated over time.
Mirella Woodert, Guillermo Bravo Morante, Viktoria A. Krenn, Cédric Cordey, Nicole Torres‐Tamayo, Kaspar Staub, Nicole M. Webb, Martin Haeusler   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Human evolution and the obstetrical dilemma: The pelvic floor hypothesis

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Human childbirth is mechanically difficult because a large‐headed, broad‐shouldered fetus must pass through a comparatively narrow, twisted bony birth canal. Traditional explanations of this “obstetrical dilemma” emphasize the role of bipedal locomotion in inhibiting the evolution of a wider, more spacious pelvis.
Barbara Fischer, Ekaterina Stansfield
wiley   +1 more source

Pelvic breadth and juvenile locomotor energetics: Implications for the obstetrical dilemma hypothesis across human growth in past and present humans

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract The obstetrical dilemma hypothesis (ODH) proposes an evolutionary trade‐off between obstetric requirements and locomotor performance. However, whether external pelvic breadth measures influence walking energetics during human growth remains poorly understood.
Guillermo Zorrilla‐Revilla, Olalla Prado‐Nóvoa, Kevin P. Davy, José Miguel Carretero, Rebeca García‐González   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

The “costly son” hypothesis: Sons exacerbate obstetrical dilemmas in humans and other mammals

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Human childbirth has often been considered uniquely difficult among mammals, yet recent evidence suggests that obstructed labor and fetopelvic disproportion are widespread across placental mammals. Here, we propose the “costly son” hypothesis: because male offspring are typically larger at birth, they impose greater obstetric risk on mothers ...
Nicole D. S. Grunstra, Jonathan C. K. Wells   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

A biomimetic ducted nipple reveals gestational age‐dependent deficits in suction generation in a neonatal pig model

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract All infant mammals must suckle in order to effectively acquire milk from a nipple. Yet, not all infants are able to do so. Preterm infants in particular face significant feeding challenges, often failing to establish successful breastfeeding due to complex neurophysiologic challenges.
Max Sarmet, Emily C. Volpe, Elska B. Kaczmarek, Maressa E. Kennedy, Ani E. Smith, Hannah E. Shideler, Harlow I. Smith, Dylan J. Anderson, Thomas H. Stroud, Christopher J. Mayerl   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Modulation of Animal Gut Health by Milk Oligosaccharide

Animal Research and One Health, EarlyView.
This review summarizes the composition and structural characteristics of MOs across different mammalian species, and elucidates their roles and mechanisms in maintaining intestinal homeostasis by regulating gut microbiome and enhancing intestinal chemical, physical and immune barriers.
Ningtao Chen, Nana Jing, Shiyu Tao, Mingyue Fei, Wentao Lv, Hua Yang, Yingping Xiao, Haiqin Wu   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Role of IgM Anti‐acetylated Protein Antibodies and B Cells in the Origin of Antimodified Protein Autoimmunity in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Arthritis &Rheumatology, EarlyView.
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by anti‐modified protein antibodies (AMPAs), including anti‐citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), anti‐carbamylated protein antibodies (anti‐CarP), and anti‐acetylated protein antibodies (AAPA). In contrast to other AMPAs, AAPA IgM is found in healthy individuals, raising questions about its role ...
Aegli Athanasiadou, Sanne Kroos, Renee van de Wetering, Rian Schopmeijer, Carin van der Keur, Michael Eikmans, Caroline Meijer, Solbritt Rantapää‐Dahlqvist, René E. M. Toes, Linda M. Slot, Diane van der Woude   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Setting up mother–infant pair lactation studies with biobanking for research according to regulatory requirements

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, EarlyView.
Within the ConcePTION project we set out to design two mother–infant pair studies collecting breast milk and plasma from the mother and plasma from the infant (for metformin and prednisolone) in order to demonstrate the premises and conditions for investigating potential drug transfer in association with breastfeeding.
Mats Hansson, Ida Björkgren, Jenny Svedenkrans, Helena Backman, Jarl Hellman, Linda Englund‐Ögge, Mikaela Magnusson, Inger Lindström, Andrea Wutte, Erica Sundell, Pawel Baranczewski, Laura Shaughnessy   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Associations between maternal emotion dysregulation, infant negative affect and toddler mental health depend on newborn neurobehavioral profiles. [PDF]

Clin Psychol Sci
Zhou AM, Maylott SE, Compton AM, Bruce M, Molina NC, Raby KL, Crowell SE, Conradt E.   +7 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Effect of developmental changes on pharmacokinetics of drugs used in the treatment of infant acute lymphoblastic leukaemia—A comprehensive review

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, EarlyView.
While the event‐free survival (EFS) of children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) has improved greatly in the last decades, the EFS for patients diagnosed with ALL before the age of one is still under 50%. This outcome further decreases when infants have a rearrangement in the gene encoding histone‐lysine N‐methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A ...
Tirsa de Kluis, Leiah J. Brigitha, Lidwien M. Hanff, Alwin D. R. Huitema, Inge M. van der Sluis, Meta H. M. Diekstra   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source