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The neuraminidase of influenza virus
Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics, 1989AbstractIt is the enzyme neuraminidase, projecting form the surface of influenza virus particles, which allows the virus to leave infected cells and spread in the body. Antibodies which inhibit the enzyme limit the infection, but antigenic variation of the neuraminidase renders it ineffective in a vaccine.
Gillian M. Air, W. Graeme Laver
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Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2009
Avian influenza viruses do not typically replicate efficiently in humans, indicating direct transmission of avian influenza virus to humans is unlikely. However, since 1997, several cases of human infections with different subtypes (H5N1, H7N7, and H9N2) of avian influenza viruses have been identified and raised the pandemic potential of avian ...
Yehia M. Saif, Chang-Won Lee
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Avian influenza viruses do not typically replicate efficiently in humans, indicating direct transmission of avian influenza virus to humans is unlikely. However, since 1997, several cases of human infections with different subtypes (H5N1, H7N7, and H9N2) of avian influenza viruses have been identified and raised the pandemic potential of avian ...
Yehia M. Saif, Chang-Won Lee
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Veterinary Record, 2005
SIR, – In response to Mr Craig Joly’s letter ( VR , October 22, 2005, vol 157, p 527), we can confirm that action has been taken to assess the situation in the UK with respect to equine influenza in dogs.
A. S. Blunden +3 more
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SIR, – In response to Mr Craig Joly’s letter ( VR , October 22, 2005, vol 157, p 527), we can confirm that action has been taken to assess the situation in the UK with respect to equine influenza in dogs.
A. S. Blunden +3 more
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2012
The isolation of influenza viruses is important for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases in lower animals and humans, for the detection of the infecting agent in surveillance programs, and is an essential element in the development and production of vaccine.
Robert G. Webster +3 more
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The isolation of influenza viruses is important for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases in lower animals and humans, for the detection of the infecting agent in surveillance programs, and is an essential element in the development and production of vaccine.
Robert G. Webster +3 more
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Canadian Journal of Research, 1947
Influenza A and B viruses in allantoic fluid can be adsorbed by certain grades of diatomaceous earths usually employed as filter aids, there being a marked degree of correlation between the 'flow rate' of the earths and their ability to adsorb the virus.
Ronald Hare, Marjorie Curl
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Influenza A and B viruses in allantoic fluid can be adsorbed by certain grades of diatomaceous earths usually employed as filter aids, there being a marked degree of correlation between the 'flow rate' of the earths and their ability to adsorb the virus.
Ronald Hare, Marjorie Curl
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Neurovirulence of influenza A virus
Journal of Neurovirology, 1996Infection of mouse brain with influenza A virus has provided a valuable model for investigating viral adaptation and virulence. These studies have indicated important roles for the neuraminidase (NA), matrix (M), non-structural (NS) and haemagglutinin (HA) genes of the virus in determining neurovirulence.
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Cell, 1977
In 1931 influenza viruses were first isolated from pigs (Shope, 1931), and subsequently the first human influenza virus isolates were obtained (Smith, Andrewes, and Laidlaw, 1933). This marked the beginning of modern influenza virus research, and from then on many scientists have been fascinated by this virus and the disease it causes. Unlike any other
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In 1931 influenza viruses were first isolated from pigs (Shope, 1931), and subsequently the first human influenza virus isolates were obtained (Smith, Andrewes, and Laidlaw, 1933). This marked the beginning of modern influenza virus research, and from then on many scientists have been fascinated by this virus and the disease it causes. Unlike any other
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Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice, 2014
For decades the horse has been viewed as an isolated or "dead-end" host for influenza A viruses, with equine influenza virus being considered as relatively stable genetically. Although equine influenza viruses are genetically more stable than those of human lineage, they are by no means in evolutionary stasis.
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For decades the horse has been viewed as an isolated or "dead-end" host for influenza A viruses, with equine influenza virus being considered as relatively stable genetically. Although equine influenza viruses are genetically more stable than those of human lineage, they are by no means in evolutionary stasis.
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2012
The laboratory diagnosis of influenza uses a wide range of techniques including rapid immunoassays, immunofluorescence techniques, virus culture methods, and increasingly sophisticated molecular assays. The potential utility of each of these methods has changed over the years, most dramatically perhaps with the emergence of the pandemic H1N1 2009 ...
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The laboratory diagnosis of influenza uses a wide range of techniques including rapid immunoassays, immunofluorescence techniques, virus culture methods, and increasingly sophisticated molecular assays. The potential utility of each of these methods has changed over the years, most dramatically perhaps with the emergence of the pandemic H1N1 2009 ...
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Influenza A Virus Reassortment
2014Reassortment is the process by which influenza viruses swap gene segments. This genetic exchange is possible due to the segmented nature of the viral genome and occurs when two differing influenza viruses co-infect a cell. The viral diversity generated through reassortment is vast and plays an important role in the evolution of influenza viruses ...
Anice C. Lowen, John Steel
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