Inoculum effect of antimicrobial peptides. [PDF]
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021 Significance Bacterial drug resistance is a crucial threat to global health, and antimicrobials with novel mechanisms of action are urgently needed. Antimicrobial peptides are natural molecules that kill bacteria mostly by perturbing their membranes, and they constitute promising compounds for fighting resistant microbes.
Loffredo MR +6 more
europepmc +10 more sources
Microscopic Analysis of Bacterial Inoculum Effect Using Micropatterned Biochip [PDF]
Antibiotics, 2021 Antimicrobial resistance has become a major problem in public health and clinical environments. Against this background, antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) has become necessary to cure diseases in an appropriate and timely manner as it indicates the
Jung Ho Hwang +2 more
doaj +5 more sources
Inoculum effect of β-lactam antibiotics. [PDF]
J Antimicrob Chemother, 2019 AbstractThe phenomenon of attenuated antibacterial activity at inocula above those utilized for susceptibility testing is referred to as the inoculum effect. Although the inoculum effect has been reported for several decades, it is currently debatable whether the inoculum effect is clinically significant.
Lenhard JR, Bulman ZP.
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The Inoculum Effect in the Era of Multidrug Resistance: Minor Differences in Inoculum Have Dramatic Effect on MIC Determination. [PDF]
Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2018 ABSTRACT The observed MIC may depend on the number of bacteria initially inoculated into the assay. This phenomenon is termed the inoculum effect (IE) and is often most pronounced for β-lactams in strains expressing β-lactamase enzymes. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)-recommended inoculum is 5 × 10
Smith KP, Kirby JE.
europepmc +5 more sources
Optimization of E. coli Inactivation by Benzalkonium Chloride Reveals the Importance of Quantifying the Inoculum Effect on Chemical Disinfection [PDF]
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018 Optimal disinfection protocols are fundamental to minimize bacterial resistance to the compound applied, or cross-resistance to other antimicrobials such as antibiotics. The objective is twofold: guarantee safe levels of pathogens and minimize the excess
Míriam R. García, Marta L. Cabo
doaj +3 more sources
Growth productivity as a determinant of the inoculum effect for bactericidal antibiotics. [PDF]
Sci Adv, 2022 Understanding the mechanisms by which populations of bacteria resist antibiotics has implications in evolution, microbial ecology, and public health. The inoculum effect (IE), where antibiotic efficacy declines as the density of a bacterial population ...
Diaz-Tang G +12 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Pharmacodynamics of Doripenem Alone and in Combination with Relebactam in an In Vitro Hollow-Fiber Dynamic Model: Emergence of Resistance of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and the Inoculum Effect [PDF]
Antibiotics, 2023 The emergence of bacteria resistant to beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations is insufficiently studied, wherein the role of the inoculum effect (IE) in decreased efficacy is unclear.
Elena N. Strukova +4 more
doaj +2 more sources
Prevalence and Characterization of the Cefazolin Inoculum Effect in North American Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolates. [PDF]
J Clin Microbiol, 2022 Antistaphylococcal penicillins and cefazolin remain the primary treatments for infections with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). The cefazolin inoculum effect (CzIE) causes the cefazolin MIC to be elevated in proportion to the number ...
Dingle TC +14 more
europepmc +2 more sources
1543. Validation of a Nitrocefin-based Rapid Test for the Detection of the Cefazolin Inoculum Effect in Pediatric Patients with Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Acute Osteomyelitis [PDF]
Open Forum Infect Dis, 2022 Background The cefazolin (Cz) inoculum effect (CzIE) defined as a Cz MIC ≥ 16 µg/mL at high inoculum (107 CFU/mL) in MSSA isolates has been associated with poor outcomes in adult patients with bacteremia.
Sara I Gomez Villegas +13 more
europepmc +2 more sources
A New Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model To Characterize the Inoculum Effect of Acinetobacter baumannii on Polymyxin B In Vitro. [PDF]
Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2022 The inoculum effect (i.e., reduction in antimicrobial activity at large starting inoculum) is a phenomenon described for various pathogens. Given that limited data exist regarding inoculum effect of Acinetobacter baumannii, we evaluated killing of A ...
Akrong G +8 more
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