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Levels of Evidence, Quality Assessment, and Risk of Bias: Evaluating the Internal Validity of Primary Research [PDF]
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2022 Clinical decisions in human and veterinary medicine should be based on the best available evidence. The results of primary research are an important component of that evidence base.
Jan M. Sargeant +2 more
doaj +4 more sources
Target Validity: Bringing Treatment of External Validity in Line with Internal Validity [PDF]
Current Epidemiology Reports, 2020 Purpose of Review: "Target bias" is the difference between an estimate of association from a study sample and the causal effect in the target population of interest. It is the sum of internal and external bias. Given the extensive literature on internal validity, here, we review threats and methods to improve external validity. Recent Findings External
Catherine R Leško +2 more
exaly +5 more sources