Evaluation of Direct Economic Losses Due to Foot and Mouth Disease Reported by the Epidemiological Surveillance System in Cameroon From 2009 to 2023. [PDF]
Bayang HN +5 more
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Environmental impact of cataract surgery and strategies for mitigation: a life cycle assessment in an academic hospital. [PDF]
Kooistra EJ +11 more
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Semaglutide versus resmetirom for noncirrhotic MASH with moderate to advanced fibrosis: a cost-effectiveness analysis. [PDF]
Njei B +7 more
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Financial hardship among patients with lung cancer and their family caregivers: A comparative study of two institution-based samples from Hong Kong and Mainland China. [PDF]
Jia S, He J, Ho MH, Cheung DST, Lin CC.
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Cost-Effectiveness of Early vs Delayed Belimumab Treatment for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Hundal S +7 more
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Putting the ‘System’ in the International Monetary System [PDF]
The international gold standard of the late nineteenth century has been described as a system of 'spontaneous order', capturing the idea that its architects at the time were fashioning domestic monetary systems which created a system of fixed exchange rates almost as a by-product.
Michael D. Bordo, Angela Redish
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The International Monetary System
Open Economies Review, 1998This paper outlines the main features of the present international monetary system and the challenges that policy makers face.
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The International Monetary System [PDF]
This paper analyzes current stresses in the two key areas that concerned the architects of the original Bretton Woods system: international liquidity and exchange rate management. Despite radical changes since World War II in the market context for liquidity and exchange rate concerns, they remain central to discussions of international macroeconomic ...
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The future of the international monetary system [PDF]
The financial crisis of 2007/2008 and the current Euro crisis challenge the current global monetary system. They drastically reveal the actual system's weaknesses und show the eminent importance of the international monetary system for the stability of markets and national economies.
Belke, Ansgar +2 more
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The international monetary system
Futures, 1979Using the ‘official financing’ definition, explained in the previous chapter, a country is said to be running a balance-of-payments deficit if either its debts to foreign monetary authorities are rising or its holdings of reserves are falling. Now this raises two immediate problems for such a country: the problems of financing and adjustment.
R. W. Evans, G. H. Makepeace
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