Results 51 to 60 of about 197,251 (258)

Imputing Missing Long‐Term Spatiotemporal Multivariate Atmospheric Data With CNN‐Transformer Machine Learning

open access: yesJournal of Geophysical Research: Machine Learning and Computation, Volume 3, Issue 2, April 2026.
Abstract Continuous physical domains are important for scientific investigations of dynamical processes in the atmosphere. However, missing data—arising from operational constraints and adverse environmental conditions—pose significant challenges to accurate analysis and modeling.
Jiahui Hu, Wenjun Dong, Alan Z. Liu
wiley   +1 more source

Space weather challenges of the polar cap ionosphere [PDF]

open access: yes, 2016
This paper presents research on polar cap ionosphere space weather phenomena conducted during the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) action ES0803 from 2008 to 2012.
Alfonsi, Lucilla   +5 more
core   +4 more sources

A High‐Accuracy TEC Model for Low‐Mid Latitudes Using a BWO‐Optimized CNN‐xLSTM Hybrid Model With Multi‐Instrument Data Fusion

open access: yesSpace Weather, Volume 24, Issue 4, April 2026.
Abstract The total electron content (TEC) in the ionosphere is strongly affected by solar activity and geomagnetic disturbances in mid‐ and low‐latitude regions, making it a major source of error in GNSS navigation and communication systems. To improve the prediction accuracy of ionospheric TEC, this study proposes a deep learning model—Beluga Whale ...
Wang Li   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

First Detections of Ionospheric Plasma Density Irregularities from GOES Geostationary GPS Observations during Geomagnetic Storms

open access: yesAtmosphere
In this study, we present the first results of detecting ionospheric irregularities using non-typical GPS observations recorded onboard the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) mission operating at ~35,800 km altitude.
Iurii Cherniak   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

A study of ionospheric irregularities with spatial fluctuation of TEC

open access: yes, 2020
Ionospheric irregularities are small-scale disturbances in the ionosphere which disrupt radio waves by causing amplitude and phase scintillations. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) network can work as two-dimensional array to provide the spatial ...
G. Ma   +7 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

On the Production of Ionospheric Irregularities Via Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability Associated with Cusp Flow Channels

open access: yesJournal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2020
We present a multi‐instrument multiscale study of a channel of enhanced, inhomogeneous flow in the cusp ionosphere occurring on November 30, 2014. We provide evidence that strong Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) phase scintillations indices (σϕ ...
A. Spicher   +8 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Rapid Evolution of Super Equatorial Plasma Bubbles and X‐Pattern EIA Formation During Extreme Storm Conditions on 12 November 2025

open access: yesGeophysical Research Letters, Volume 53, Issue 6, 28 March 2026.
Abstract Extreme conditions during storms profoundly alter the evolution of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs), yet the key dynamics remains poorly understood. We document the rapid expansion, contraction, and decay of super EPBs in South America during the 12 November 2025 storm with Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) Bz/By magnitude exceeding ∼50 nT ...
Shasha Zou   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Scintillation effects in the magnetized plasma [PDF]

open access: yes, 2019
Statistical characteristics of scattered electromagnetic waves in the turbulent magnetized plasma caused by electron density fluctuations are calculated using complex geometrical optics approximation taking into account both diffraction effects and ...
Ishimaru, Akira   +3 more
core   +1 more source

A brief review of equatorial ionization anomaly and ionospheric irregularities

open access: yes, 2018
Following a brief history and progress of ionospheric research, this paper presents a brief review of the recent developments in the understanding of two major phenomena in low and mid latitude ionosphere—the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) and ...
N. Balan, Libo Liu, H. Le
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Ionospheric Turbulence and the Equatorial Plasma Density Irregularities: Scaling Features and RODI

open access: yesRemote Sensing, 2021
In the framework of space weather, the understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for the generation of ionospheric irregularities is particularly relevant for their effects on global positioning and communication systems.
P. Michelis   +7 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

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