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EXPLORATION OF CAUSES OF BIAS IN TEST ITEMS [PDF]

ETS Research Report Series, 1985
ABSTRACTAlthough the study of item bias has been an active area of research for the past few years, little progress has been made in understanding what factors in a test might create bias. To advance this understanding, a number of hypotheses were developed concerning elements of the items that might affect the performance of Blacks and Whites ...
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A Comparison of Several Methods of Assessing Item Bias.

, 1979
Controversy over testing practices has erupted at various times since the inception of wide-scale testing during World War I (Cronbach, 1975). Most recently the issue of bias in measurement and selection has come to the forefront.
G. Ironson, M. J. Subkoviak
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Comparison of Procedures for Detecting test-Item Bias with both Internal and External Ability Criteria

, 1981
Test bias is conceptualized as differential validity. Statistical techniques for detecting biased items work by identifying items that may be measuring different things for different groups; they identify deviant or anomalous items in the context of ...
L. Shepard, Gregory Camilli, M. Averill
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Explaining Item Bias

1986
In this paper some methodological aspects of item bias research are discussed. First, the definitions of item bias are given; it is emphasised that the conditional definition, with related conditional item bias detection methods must be preferred. Second, the conditional definition is used for designing models for simulating item bias; the results of ...
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Multiple Group IRT Modeling: Applications to Item Bias Analysis

, 1985
This article shows the applicability of new methodology for multiple-group factor analysis of dichotomous variables. Situations are considered where the same set of test items has been administered to more than one group of examinees. The new methodology
B. Muthén, James Lehman
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A Procedure to Detect Item Bias Present Simultaneously in Several Items [PDF]

, 1991
Abstract : This paper presents a statistical procedure (denoted by SIB) designed to test for undirectional test bias existing simultaneously in several items of an ability test. It was argued in Shealy and Stout (1991) that in order to model such bias with an IRT model, a multidimensional model is necessary.
Robin Shealy, William Stout
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Test item bias

, 1983
A unique, practical manual for identifying and analyzing item bias in standardized tests. Osterlind discusses five strategies for detecting bias: analysis of variance, transformed item difficulties, chi square, item characteristic curve, and distractor ...
S. Osterlind
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The Regression BIAS Method: A Unified Approach for Detecting Item BIAS and Selection BIAS

Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1985
Although several different procedures are available for detecting item bias and selection bias, there does not appear to be a single procedure for detecting both types of bias. It is proposed that the Regression Model, which is popular in selection bias research, be adopted for item bias detection, thereby providing a common framework for studying ...
Jacques Normand, Nambury S. Raju
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Item Bias on the 1981 Revision of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test Using a New Method of Detecting Bias

, 1984
This study reports an analysis of item bias on Form L and Form M of the 1981 revision of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test for 2100 black and white children using a newly developed method of detection employing partial correlations.
C. Reynolds, V. Willson, Steven R. Chatman   +2 more
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Item bias detection: Classical approaches [PDF]

, 2005
Under the assumptions of Classical Test Theory (CTT), a person's observed test score is an estimate of his (her) true test score. Therefore, CTT-based methods to detect differentially functioning items use the test score to equate members of different groups.
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