Results 1 to 10 of about 42,553 (305)

Tempo and mode in karyotype evolution revealed by a probabilistic model incorporating both chromosome number and morphology. [PDF]

PLoS Genetics, 2021
Karyotype, including the chromosome and arm numbers, is a fundamental genetic characteristic of all organisms and has long been used as a species-diagnostic character.
Kohta Yoshida, Jun Kitano
doaj   +2 more sources

A high-quality Buxus austro-yunnanensis (Buxales) genome provides new insights into karyotype evolution in early eudicots [PDF]

BMC Biology, 2022
Background Eudicots are the most diverse group of flowering plants that compromise five well-defined lineages: core eudicots, Ranunculales, Proteales, Trochodendrales, and Buxales.
Zhenyue Wang, Ying Li, Pengchuan Sun, Mingjia Zhu, Dandan Wang, Zhiqiang Lu, Hongyin Hu, Renping Xu, Jin Zhang, Jianxiang Ma, Jianquan Liu, Yongzhi Yang   +11 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Mechanisms of Rapid Karyotype Evolution in Mammals. [PDF]

Genes (Basel), 2023
Chromosome reshuffling events are often a foundational mechanism by which speciation can occur, giving rise to highly derivative karyotypes even amongst closely related species. Yet, the features that distinguish lineages prone to such rapid chromosome evolution from those that maintain stable karyotypes across evolutionary time are still to be defined.
Brannan EO, Hartley GA, O'Neill RJ.
europepmc   +3 more sources

Spindle architecture constrains karyotype evolution. [PDF]

Nat Cell Biol
Abstract The eukaryotic cell division machinery must rapidly and reproducibly duplicate and partition the cell’s chromosomes in a carefully coordinated process. However, chromosome numbers vary dramatically between genomes, even on short evolutionary timescales.
Helsen J, Reza MH, Carvalho R, Sherlock G, Dey G.   +4 more
europepmc   +3 more sources

Convergent Patterns of Karyotype Evolution Underlying Karyotype Uniformity in Conifers. [PDF]

Adv Sci (Weinh)
AbstractKaryotype diversity plays an important role in speciation and diversification. However, gymnosperms, particularly conifers, exhibit remarkable karyotype uniformity. To explore the evolutionary processes shaping karyotypes in gymnosperms, the karyotype evolutionary history is reconstructed through comparative genomic analyses.
Zhang RG, Liu H, Shang HY, Shu H, Liu DT, Yang H, Jia KH, Wang XQ, Sun WB, Zhao W, Ma Y.   +10 more
europepmc   +4 more sources

Karyotype evolution in Fusarium. [PDF]

IMA Fungus, 2018
The germ tube burst method (GTBM) was employed to examine karyotypes of 33 Fusarium species representative of 11 species complexes that span the phylogenetic breadth of the genus. The karyotypes revealed that the nucleolar organizing region (NOR), which includes the ribosomal rDNA region, was telomeric in the species where it was discernible.
Waalwijk C, Taga M, Zheng SL, Proctor RH, Vaughan MM, O'Donnell K.   +5 more
europepmc   +5 more sources

Dynamics of karyotype evolution. [PDF]

Chaos
In the evolution of species, the karyotype changes with a timescale of tens to hundreds of thousand years. In the development of cancer, the karyotype often is modified in cancerous cells over the lifetime of an individual. Characterizing these changes and understanding the mechanisms leading to them has been of interest in a broad range of disciplines
Kuzmin E, Baker TM, Van Loo P, Glass L.
europepmc   +3 more sources

Oligo-barcode illuminates holocentric karyotype evolution in Rhynchospora (Cyperaceae) [PDF]

Frontiers in Plant Science
Holocentric karyotypes are assumed to rapidly evolve through chromosome fusions and fissions due to the diffuse nature of their centromeres. Here, we took advantage of the recent availability of a chromosome-scale reference genome for Rhynchospora ...
Yennifer Mata-Sucre, Yennifer Mata-Sucre, Letícia Maria Parteka, Letícia Maria Parteka, Christiane M. Ritz, Christiane M. Ritz, Christiane M. Ritz, Andrés Gatica-Arias, Leonardo P. Félix, William Wayt Thomas, Gustavo Souza, André L. L. Vanzela, Andrea Pedrosa-Harand, André Marques   +13 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Detecting Mechanisms of Karyotype Evolution in Heterotaxis (Orchidaceae). [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2016
The karyotype is shaped by different chromosome rearrangements during species evolution. However, determining which rearrangements are responsible for karyotype changes is a challenging task and the combination of a robust phylogeny with refined ...
Ana Paula Moraes, André Olmos Simões, Dario Isidro Ojeda Alayon, Fábio de Barros, Eliana Regina Forni-Martins   +4 more
doaj   +5 more sources

Dynamic turnover of centromeres drives karyotype evolution in Drosophila [PDF]

eLife, 2019
Centromeres are the basic unit for chromosome inheritance, but their evolutionary dynamics is poorly understood. We generate high-quality reference genomes for multiple Drosophila obscura group species to reconstruct karyotype evolution.
Ryan Bracewell, Kamalakar Chatla, Matthew J Nalley, Doris Bachtrog   +3 more
doaj   +2 more sources