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Ultrahigh piezoelectricity in lead-free piezoceramics by synergistic design [PDF]
Nano Energy, 2020 Following increased environmental concerns on the toxicity of lead, the discovery of ultrahigh piezoelectricity in lead-free piezoelectric materials is critical for the substitution of commercial lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics in numerous ...
Shujun Zhang +2 more
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Nature, 2004
Lead has recently been expelled from many commercial applications and materials (for example, from solder, glass and pottery glaze) owing to concerns regarding its toxicity. Lead zirconium titanate (PZT) ceramics are high-performance piezoelectric materials, which are widely used in sensors, actuators and other electronic devices; they contain more ...
Yasuyoshi, Saito +7 more
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Lead has recently been expelled from many commercial applications and materials (for example, from solder, glass and pottery glaze) owing to concerns regarding its toxicity. Lead zirconium titanate (PZT) ceramics are high-performance piezoelectric materials, which are widely used in sensors, actuators and other electronic devices; they contain more ...
Yasuyoshi, Saito +7 more
openaire +3 more sources
Lead Free Piezoelectric Materials
Journal of Electroceramics, 2004Lead oxide based ferroelectrics, represented by lead zirconate titanate (Pb(Zr, Ti)O3) or PZT) are the most widely used materials for piezoelectric actuators, sensors and transducers due to their excellent piezoelectric properties. Considering lead toxicity, there is interest in developing piezoelectric materials that are biocompatible and ...
Maeder, M. D. +2 more
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Solderability of Lead-Free Finishes Using Lead-Free Solders
SMTA International, 2001ABSTRACT The requirement of using lead-free materials has generated tremendous pressure in the electronics industry. In semiconductor leadframe packaging, the tin-lead post plating will be soon replaced by environment-friendly finishing processes.
C. Fan, Y. Zhang, J. A. Abys
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Lead‐Free Relaxor Ferroelectrics
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2011Feature size is a natural determinant of material properties. Its design offers the technological perspectives for material improvement. Grain size, crystallite size, domain width, and structural defects of different nature constitute the classical design elements.
Shvartsman, Vladimir, Lupascu, Doru C.
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Civil Engineering Magazine, 2020
Long before lead in drinking water became a common concern, the Louisville Water Co. began a concerted campaign to identify and remove publicly owned lead service lines from its distribution system. Earlier this year, the utility completed this long-term project, marking a major milestone in its efforts to ensure the safest possible drinking water for ...
Kelley Dearing Smith +3 more
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Long before lead in drinking water became a common concern, the Louisville Water Co. began a concerted campaign to identify and remove publicly owned lead service lines from its distribution system. Earlier this year, the utility completed this long-term project, marking a major milestone in its efforts to ensure the safest possible drinking water for ...
Kelley Dearing Smith +3 more
openaire +1 more source
Lead-Free Piezoelectric Transducers
IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency ControlResearch activities on lead-free piezoelectric materials have been ongoing for over 20 years. Generally, the applicability of the main material families is less universal than that of lead-based compositions such as lead zirconate titanate, but in some cases, the corresponding applications have already been identified. Due to the extensive research, it
Ringgaard, Erling +4 more
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Lead-free Flux Effect in Lead-free Solder Joint Improvement
2006 Thirty-First IEEE/CPMT International Electronics Manufacturing Technology Symposium, 2006Lead-free flux used in lead-free solder ball attachment process has been found to play a vital role in improving lead-free solder joint robustness & performance. In this study, two water soluble lead-free solder ball attach fluxes, flux A & flux B, each from different supplier, were compared in terms of the following characteristics: time variation of ...
Eu Poh Leng +4 more
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Interfacial Reaction of Lead-Free Solders with Lead-Free Finished Leadframes
2006 International Conference on Electronic Materials and Packaging, 2006Due to the implementation of the legislations to restrict the use of environmental unfriendly materials, the use of lead (Pb) in electronic products is banned. This includes the use of surface finishing materials such as that for integrated circuit (IC) leadframes.
Y. W. Wong +4 more
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2008
So-called ferroelectric materials may be divided into two classes: ferroelectrics and relaxors (Table 30.1) [1].
Simon, Annie, Ravez, Jean
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So-called ferroelectric materials may be divided into two classes: ferroelectrics and relaxors (Table 30.1) [1].
Simon, Annie, Ravez, Jean
openaire +2 more sources