Results 21 to 30 of about 53 (51)

Unveiling transparency in data protection enforcement across the EU: Assessing the level and quality of disclosure of GDPR fines by data protection authorities

open access: yesEuropean Law Journal, Volume 31, Issue 3, Page 177-202, October 2025.
Abstract Despite the increasing recognition of data protection rights across the European Union (EU), evidence suggests they are often underenforced, thereby undermining the effectiveness of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This article shows that an often neglected aspect in GDPR enforcement is the variability in transparency exhibited ...
Pablo Marcello Baquero   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Whistling in the void: The Whistleblowing Directive as a case study on why the direct effects doctrine and infringement proceedings fail to enforce Union law and how to fix it

open access: yesEuropean Law Journal, Volume 31, Issue 3, Page 134-152, October 2025.
Abstract The European Whistleblowing Directive is one of the most consequential acts of Union law in the last decade and has created lasting effects across the European Union. After almost all Member States have failed to meet the transposition deadline of 17 December 2021, the limits of a Directive's direct effects as a means to enforce Union law have
Simon Gerdemann
wiley   +1 more source

Learning From the Past? EU Industrial Policy Challenges

open access: yesGovernance, Volume 38, Issue 4, October 2025.
ABSTRACT The European Union's current pursuit of strategic autonomy and technological sovereignty through industrial policy initiatives occurs amid intensifying US‐China competition, prompting new policy instruments and rhetoric that many scholars interpret as fundamental transformation in EU economic governance.
Dimitri Zurstrassen
wiley   +1 more source

Demand‐Side Perspective on the Informal Economy: A Review and Research Agenda

open access: yesInternational Journal of Consumer Studies, Volume 49, Issue 4, July 2025.
ABSTRACT This study presents a focused and cohesive investigation into the demand side of the informal economy through a systematic literature review (SLR) of 76 peer‐reviewed articles. While previous research has predominantly addressed supply‐side dynamics, this study shifts the focus to consumer related factors within informal markets.
Agnieszka Małecka   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Policy process theory development: Perspectives from European junior scholars

open access: yesEuropean Policy Analysis, Volume 11, Issue 2, Page 271-292, Spring 2025.
Abstract The development of policy process theories is progressing rapidly. Scholars increasingly apply these theories originated in the US to different contexts and continents, such as Europe. Furthermore, scholars at different career stages, including junior scholars, work on and with these theories.
Sandra Plümer   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

From the Great Divergence to South–South Divergence: New comparative horizons in global economic history

open access: yesJournal of Economic Surveys, Volume 39, Issue 2, Page 517-545, April 2025.
Abstract The Great Divergence debate has been the leading conversation in economic history for the past 25 years. This review article explores new comparative horizons in global economic history. I argue that questions of South–South Divergence form a logical and timely extension to the Great Divergence research agenda.
Ewout Frankema
wiley   +1 more source

The politics of the minimum wage: Explaining introduction and levels

open access: yesBritish Journal of Industrial Relations, Volume 63, Issue 1, Page 161-179, March 2025.
Abstract There is much economics research on the effects of minimum wages, but little research on their politics. Yet, ever more advanced capitalist democracies have introduced minimum wages, and the setting of minimum wage levels has become increasingly politicized.
Michal Kozák, Georg Picot
wiley   +1 more source

Towards Better Understanding of Party‐Union Relationship: An Empirical Analysis

open access: yesIndustrial Relations Journal, Volume 56, Issue 2, Page 173-181, March 2025.
ABSTRACT In many European democracies, political parties and trade unions have developed a long‐standing relationship. This relationship has certainly evolved over the last few decades as both actors have had to adapt to changes in their constituencies.
Paweł Kamiński, Szczepan Czarnecki
wiley   +1 more source

Plea Bargaining Procedures Worldwide: Drivers of Introduction and Use

open access: yesJournal of Empirical Legal Studies, Volume 22, Issue 1, Page 27-75, March 2025.
ABSTRACT Over the last three decades, plea bargaining has been adopted by many jurisdictions worldwide. However, a comprehensive account of both its adoption as well as its use is still missing. We survey 174 jurisdictions, finding that 101 allow plea‐bargaining.
Gabriele Paolini   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

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