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Microbial Functional Potentials Differ Among Monospecific and Mixed Moss Biocrusts in an Alpine Sandy Ecosystem. [PDF]
Biology (Basel)Liu M, Wang Z, Zhu R, Xie H, Wanghe K.
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Ecology and bioreceptivity of basaltic rocks from Xitle volcano in Mexico. [PDF]
Sci RepMartínez-Báez Téllez MF +4 more
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Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 2015
The composition of much of Earth's lower continental crust is enigmatic. Wavespeeds require that 10–20% of the lower third is mafic, but the available heat-flow and wavespeed constraints can be satisfied if lower continental crust elsewhere contains anywhere from 49 to 62 wt% SiO2. Thus, contrary to common belief, the lower crust in many regions could
Mark Behn +2 more
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The composition of much of Earth's lower continental crust is enigmatic. Wavespeeds require that 10–20% of the lower third is mafic, but the available heat-flow and wavespeed constraints can be satisfied if lower continental crust elsewhere contains anywhere from 49 to 62 wt% SiO2. Thus, contrary to common belief, the lower crust in many regions could
Mark Behn +2 more
exaly +2 more sources
Fluids of the Lower Crust: Deep Is Different
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 2018Deep fluids are important for the evolution and properties of the lower continental and arc crust in tectonically active settings. They comprise four components: H2O, nonpolar gases, salts, and rock-derived solutes. Contrasting behavior of H2O-gas and H2O-salt mixtures yields immiscibility and potential separation of phases with different chemical ...
Craig Manning
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How mafic is the lower continental crust?
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1998Crustal structures for nine broad tectonic units in China, except the Tarim craton, are derived from seismic data for 18 geophysical refraction profiles, which include twelve geoscience transects and have a total length of 16[punctuation space]216 km. All the tectonic units except the Qinling orogen show a four-layered crustal structure, consisting of ...
Shan Gao, Hartmut Kern
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Geophysical Journal International, 1993
SUMMARY Deep seismic-reflection profiles have shown that the lower part of the continental crust often contains many strong, sub-horizontal reflectors. Various suggestions have been made about the origin of such reflections. One explanation, which does not require the invocation of any complex tectonic process, is layering of mafic/ultramafic ...
Satish C. Singh, Dan McKenzie
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SUMMARY Deep seismic-reflection profiles have shown that the lower part of the continental crust often contains many strong, sub-horizontal reflectors. Various suggestions have been made about the origin of such reflections. One explanation, which does not require the invocation of any complex tectonic process, is layering of mafic/ultramafic ...
Satish C. Singh, Dan McKenzie
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A model for lower continental crust
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1977Abstract This proposed model is based on geological, geophysical and geochemical data. Previous models suggested for the lower continental crust consisted of basalt, gabbro, or charnockitic rocks; however, experimental and field petrological data indicate that the bulk of crustal rocks are metamorphic. A lower crust of heterogeneous metamorphic rocks
S SMITHSON, S BROWN
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Cooling of the lower oceanic crust
Geology, 2005Thermal models of mid-ocean ridges that balance the influx of heat from magmatic sources with the removal of heat by conduction and hydrothermal circulation allow quantification of cooling of young oceanic crust. These models reproduce key observations relating to crustal accretion and hydrothermal cooling at fast-spreading ridges.
John Maclennan +2 more
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What is magnetic in the lower crust?
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2004Abstract Long-wavelength and satellite magnetic anomalies require that some regions of the Earth's crust contain minerals that are magnetic at lower crustal conditions. Studies of high-grade metamorphic rocks emphased multi-domain magnetite as a likely source.
S.A. McEnroe +4 more
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Diversity in the lower continental crust
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 1986Summary Arguments based upon tectonic style and process suggest that the lower continental crust is laterally exceedingly inhomogeneous on the scale of tens and hundreds of kilometres. At least twenty basic variations exist apart from unmodified Archaean nuclei. Some 80% of the continental crust was generated by 2.5 × 10
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