Results 11 to 20 of about 1,724,316 (324)
The Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) is more reliable than balanced accuracy, bookmaker informedness, and markedness in two-class confusion matrix evaluation [PDF]
BioData Min, 2021 Evaluating binary classifications is a pivotal task in statistics and machine learning, because it can influence decisions in multiple areas, including for example prognosis or therapies of patients in critical conditions.
D. Chicco +2 more
semanticscholar +2 more sources
Theoretical Linguistics, 2003 Abstract The markedness constraints of classic Optimality Theory assign violation-marks to output candidates without reference to the input or to other candidates. This article explores an alternative conception of markedness: markedness constraints compare the candidate under evaluation with another candidate, the most faithful one ...
McCarthy, John J., John J. Mccarthy
openaire +2 more sources
Morphological and semantic markedness revisited: The realization of plurality across languages
Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft, 2019 The paper investigates two related questions that concern the realization of plural morphology on nouns across languages. The first question is whether markedness in the sense of complexity in form goes hand in hand with complexity in meaning.
Alexiadou Artemis
doaj +2 more sources
Agreement attraction in Serbian: decomposing markedness [PDF]
, 2016 Published online 18 July 2016Asymmetric number attraction effects have been typically explained via a privative markedness account: plural nouns are more marked than singular ones and thus stronger attractors.
Bojana Ristic +2 more
semanticscholar +2 more sources
The markedness of the unmarked [PDF]
Acta Linguistica Hungarica, 2006 There are several phonological categories whose markedness-as inferred from typical markedness metrics- fails to match the representational complexity posited for them. More specifically, glottal stops, geminate clusters, and onsetless syllables are representationally the simplest of their category, yet other criteria, like implicational hierarchies ...
Szigetvári, Péter
openaire +3 more sources
Working Papers in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, 2015 With the Selective Fossilization Hypothesis (SFH), Han (2009) cites the synergy of first language (L1) markedness and second language (L2) input robustness as a determinant of selective fossilization and, in doing so, returns the construct of markedness ...
Rosette Bambino Finneran
doaj +2 more sources
The Overall Markedness of Discourse Relations
Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2015 Discourse relations can be categorized as continuous or discontinuous in the hypothesis of continuity (Murray, 1997), with continuous relations expressing normal succession of events in discourse such as temporal, spatial or causal. Asr and Demberg (2013)
Lifeng Jin, M. Marneffe
semanticscholar +2 more sources
Markedness in Visual Semantic AI [PDF]
Conference on Fairness, Accountability and Transparency, 2022 We evaluate the state-of-the-art multimodal ”visual semantic” model CLIP (”Contrastive Language Image Pretraining”) for biases related to the marking of age, gender, and race or ethnicity. Given the option to label an image as ”a photo of a person” or to
R. Wolfe, Aylin Caliskan
semanticscholar +1 more source
Cumulative Effect Of Markeness In Phonology
Al-Lisaniyyat, 2020 The essence of this research can be encoded as: “towards a dual marked/ unmarked thought of language surface representations”. Accordingly, this research is an attempt to offer a thorough description of a modern and highly influential theory known as ...
Hiba Zaidi
doaj +1 more source
Markedness in the Acquisition of Kiswahili Phonology: An Optimality Theory Perspective
Journal of Child Language Acquisition and Development, 2022 Child language acquisition process is, among other factors, determined by the degree of linguistic markedness of the structures under acquisition. In the acquisition of phonology, phonological markedness has been posited to affect both the rate and ...
Henry Simiyu Nandelenga
doaj +2 more sources