An effective four-step approach in treating refractory seroma after mastectomy for breast cancer. [PDF]
Cao R, Zhang J, Su A, Bao H, He Z, Wu J.
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Quality of Life Changes Among Breast Cancer Survivors Following Mastectomy. [PDF]
Chi E, Chillakuru R, Ganti L.
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Management of malignant breast phyllodes tumor with rib invasion during pregnancy: a rare case report and literature review. [PDF]
Yu S +11 more
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Does the use of perioperative corticosteroids reduce the incidence of seroma formation after breast cancer surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis. [PDF]
Alnajjar JS +7 more
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Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma of the Male Breast: A Case Report and Literature Review. [PDF]
Anichkina K +4 more
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Effect of linearly polarized light irradiation near stellate ganglion on postoperative sleep disorders in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy of breast cancer. [PDF]
Liu W +6 more
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The recent history of operations for breast cancer indicates a growing trend toward conservatism. The modified radical mastectomy achieves the goal of removing all evidence of cancer in the breast involved and removes the regional lymph nodes for accurate staging of the disease.
R E, Hermann, E, Steiger
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Radical Mastectomy and Extended Radical Mastectomy
Postgraduate Medicine, 1964Abandonment of the classic radical mastectomy is not warranted at present. Excision of the internal mammary nodes can be defended in cases in which the cancer is situated in the medial or central part of the breast, with the recognition that it is experimental.
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Surgical management in the treatment of potentially curable breast cancer has changed from a radical to a more conservative approach. The most common procedure used at the present time is the modified mastectomy, which is discussed in detail in this article.
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Modified radical mastectomy combines a total glandular mastectomy with a level I and II axillary lymph node dissection. Although largely supplanted by less radical procedures, it is still required occasionally in the treatment of invasive breast cancer.
James P. De Andrade, Ronald J. Weigel
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