Results 61 to 70 of about 8,611 (176)

Missing Summer Westerly Jet Barotropic Governor Effect Explains Climate Models—Observation Discrepancies in the Indian Monsoon Trends

AGU Advances, Volume 7, Issue 3, June 2026.
Abstract The South Asian summer monsoon has exhibited a pronounced Northwest India‐Indo‐Gangetic Plains rainfall dipole since 1999, with northwest India experiencing a 24.6% increase, while rainfall in the Indo‐Gangetic Plain has decreased by 4.4%.
Nimmakanti Mahendra, Nagaraju Chilukoti, Xiaoqing Liu, Jasti S. Chowdary, Lei Wang, Matthew Huber   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Machine Learning Reveals Hidden Bias in ERA5 Cloud Heights Over Earth's Third Pole

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 53, Issue 10, 28 May 2026.
Abstract Accurate cloud base height (CBH) over the Tibetan Plateau—Earth's Third Pole—is essential for monsoon dynamics, glacial melt, and water security, yet ERA5 systematically underestimates it. Here, we present a two‐step machine learning framework to mitigate this hidden bias.
W. Zhao, Y. N. Wang, Y. B. Pan, L. J. Pan, Y. H. Bi, X. Wu, Y. F. Tian, Y. H. Qiu, T. Q. Wang, D. R. Lu   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Assessing the Performance of Water Vapor Products from ERA5 and MERRA-2 during Heavy Rainfall in the Guangxi Region of China

Atmosphere
Precipitable water vapor (PWV) is a crucial factor in regulating the Earth’s climate. Moreover, it demonstrates a robust correlation with precipitation. Situated in a region known for the generation and development of tropical cyclones, Guangxi in China ...
Ning Huang, Shiyang Fu, Biyan Chen, Liangke Huang, Wenping Jin   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Reanalysis-driven simulations may overestimate persistent contrail formation by 100%–250%

Environmental Research Letters, 2022
Model-based estimates of aviation’s climate impacts have found that contrails contribute 36%–81% of aviation’s instantaneous radiative forcing. These estimates depend on the accuracy of meteorological data provided by reanalyses like ECMWF Reanalysis 5th
Akshat Agarwal, Vincent R Meijer, Sebastian D Eastham, Raymond L Speth, Steven R H Barrett   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Seasonal Variability of Precipitation‐Associated Bioaerosols, Including Viruses, and Their Links to Cloud Ice Processes and Precipitation in a Coastal City

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 53, Issue 10, 28 May 2026.
Abstract Viruses constitute a significant subset of bioaerosols whose roles in cloud ice processes remain understudied. Continuous observations of viruses and total airborne microbes (TAMs) in precipitation were conducted in Qingdao from March 2024 to December 2025.
Yangfei Ai, Jianhua Qi, Yuanzhe Ni, Zhongyu Diao, Xiaoyu Wang   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Hourly and Daily PM2.5 Estimations Using MERRA‐2: A Machine Learning Approach

Earth and Space Science, 2022
Health and environmental hazards related to high pollution concentrations have become a serious issue from public policy perspectives and human health. Using Machine Learning (ML) approach, this research aims to improve the estimation of grid‐wise PM2.5,
Alqamah Sayeed, Paul Lin, Pawan Gupta, Nhu Nguyen Minh Tran, Virginie Buchard, Sundar Christopher   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Changes in the Westward Transport of Saharan Dust From West Africa With Anthropogenic Forcing in the WRF Model

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 53, Issue 9, 16 May 2026.
Abstract Large uncertainties exist for future westward Saharan dust transport with increasing Greenhouse Gas emissions. We evaluate future changes in westward dust transport at the longitude of 18.6°W and a latitude range of 4°N–30°N using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) with the GOCART dust module for the present‐day, with ERA‐Interim
Gregory S. Jenkins, Delián Colón‐Burgos, Jacob Tindan   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Impact of MERRA-2 and CAMS Aerosol Reanalysis Data on FengYun-4B Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder Simulations

Remote Sensing
Aerosols significantly impact the brightness temperature (BT) in thermal infrared (IR) channels, and ignoring their effects can lead to relatively large observation-minus-background (OMB) bias in radiance calculations. The accuracy of aerosol datasets is
Weiyi Peng, Fuzhong Weng, Chengzhi Ye
doaj   +1 more source

Comparison of AIRS Version-6 OLR Climatologies and Anomaly Time Series with Those of CERES and MERRA-2 [PDF]

RCs of AIRS and MERRA-2 500 mb specific humidity agree very well in terms of spatial patterns, but MERRA-2 ARCs are larger in magnitude and show a spurious moistening globally and over Central Africa.
Iredell, Lena, Lee, Jae, Susskind, Joel
core   +1 more source

Global Diurnal Precipitation Cycle in the AI Model GraphCast and a 5‐km Unified Model: Challenges and Opportunities

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 53, Issue 9, 16 May 2026.
Abstract This study evaluates the ability of the AI weather forecast model GraphCast to reproduce the global diurnal cycle of boreal summer precipitation, comparing it with Integrated Multi‐satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) satellite observations, the ERA5 reanalysis, and an experimental global 5‐km Met Office Unified Model (UM) which is convection ...
Emanuele Silvio Gentile, Kieran M. R. Hunt, Lorenzo Tomassini, Ben Harvey, Oscar Martinez‐Alvarado   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source