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2010
Abstract World military expenditure reached $1531 billion in 2009, a 6 per cent real-terms increase. The global economic crisis had little noticeable impact on military spending, with increases by 14 of the 15 top spenders. The new Obama Administration has not halted rising US military spending, although there has been some change in ...
Sam Perlo-Freeman +2 more
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Abstract World military expenditure reached $1531 billion in 2009, a 6 per cent real-terms increase. The global economic crisis had little noticeable impact on military spending, with increases by 14 of the 15 top spenders. The new Obama Administration has not halted rising US military spending, although there has been some change in ...
Sam Perlo-Freeman +2 more
openaire +1 more source
2011
Abstract Military spending in 2010 reached $1630 billion, an increase of 1.3 per cent in real terms, a slower rate of increase than in recent years. Key regional powers such as Brazil, China, India, Russia, South Africa and Turkey, whose strong economic growths are increasing their global political roles, are also seeking to develop ...
Sam Perlo-Freeman +4 more
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Abstract Military spending in 2010 reached $1630 billion, an increase of 1.3 per cent in real terms, a slower rate of increase than in recent years. Key regional powers such as Brazil, China, India, Russia, South Africa and Turkey, whose strong economic growths are increasing their global political roles, are also seeking to develop ...
Sam Perlo-Freeman +4 more
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Models of military expenditure
Journal of Applied Econometrics, 1989AbstractA brief review of the extensive empirical literature devoted to explaining levels of military expenditure indicates a wide variety of unreconciled results. However, comparing the alternative models is not straightforward. This paper uses British post‐war military expenditures to illustrate some of the methodological issues involved in model ...
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Understanding Swedish Military Expenditures
Cooperation and Conflict, 1992For most of the 20th century the Swedish policy of non-alignment and neutrality has remained the same. In this, the resources set aside for defence have been an important consideration. An independent ability to defend the country has been seen as an asset for maintaining international credibility. This article presents information on Swedish military
BJÖRN HAGELIN, PETER WALLENSTEEN
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The Demand for Military Expenditure
The Economic Journal, 1980This chapter provides an analytical survey of models explaining the level of military expenditure, emphasizing empirical econometric models based on optimizing behavior. After setting out the standard neo-classical model in which nation states are represented as rational agents maximizing a welfare function depending on security and economic variables ...
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2017
Global military expenditure, after many years of growth in the Cold War period, decreased from US$ 1.2 trillion in 1985 to $809 billion in 1998, reflecting cuts in every region except Asia, where spending was up by more than a quarter during the 1990s.
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Global military expenditure, after many years of growth in the Cold War period, decreased from US$ 1.2 trillion in 1985 to $809 billion in 1998, reflecting cuts in every region except Asia, where spending was up by more than a quarter during the 1990s.
openaire +1 more source