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The Outsourcing of State Repression in Iran (1941-1978) [PDF]
In addition to government and official institutions such as the police, the gendarmerie, and the National Organization for Security and Intelligence (SAVAK), the second Pahlavi government used militias to suppress its opponents.
Milad Heidari
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This article presents version 2.0 of the Pro-Government Militias Database (PGMD). It is increasingly clear that it is untenable to assume a unified security sector, as states often rely on militias to carry out security tasks.
Sabine C Carey +2 more
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“Good Militias” for Trump: Race, Religion, and Legitimacy in the Modern Militia Movement
Since the mid-1990s, the popular perception of the militia movement in the United States has associated it with racism and far-right expressions of Christianity.
Damon T. Berry
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Sociologists, political scientists, and economists have long emphasized the benefits of monopolizing violence and the risks of failing to do so. Yet recent research on conflict, state failure, genocide, coups, and election violence suggests governments cannot or will not form a monopoly.
Carey, Sabine C., Mitchell, Neil J.
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On 25 June 2016, a violent clash broke out between the villages of Mougna and Kossouma (Djenné, Mali), leaving 20 dead and 40 injured. While no “Jihadists” were directly involved, this was part of a process of outbreaks of armed land conflicts that ...
Ibrahima Poudiougou, Giovanni Zanoletti
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Narratives of security and threat are continually used to justify morally contentious activities. In the past three years, the United States’ government has increasingly promoted narratives of “criminal migrants” and “immigrant invasions.” In response to
John Parsons
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From Warlords to Politicians: Transforming Rebel Movements Into Political Parties [PDF]
Over the past few decades, African countries have faced a new phenomenon in political life – the ascent to power of former warlords – leaders of insurgent anti-government movements or tribal militias, who become presidents, vice presidents, prime ...
DENISOVA Tatyana Sergeevna +1 more
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A brief examination of warfare by medieval urban militias in Central and Northern Europe
During the medieval and Early Modern period, the Free cities of Central and Northern Europe fielded militias which collectively played an important role in European warfare. The specific military role of the burgher is not well known outside of the realm
Jean Chandler
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Can Libya survive as a single State?
Ever since the Qadhafi regime collapsed in late October 2011, the survival of the Libyan state has been opened to increasing question. The causes are manifold; the collapse of the Libyan army in the wake of the NATO-led attacks, the hostility of Britain ...
George Joffé
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This paper discusses valuation regimes of houses in a militia area in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Drawing on fieldwork undertaken during the construction of a highway between 2012 and 2016, we propose considering removal processes as sociological objects ...
Marcella Araujo, Daniela Petti
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