Results 191 to 200 of about 6,775,071 (224)

Obligation, Exemption and Remission: The Multi‐Layered Functioning of the Poll Tax (Cizye) in Ottoman Governance during the Long Eighteenth Century

open access: yesHistory, EarlyView.
Abstract This article examines the poll tax (Ottoman Turkish cizye; Arabic jizya) levied on non‐Muslim subjects of the Ottoman Empire, not as a fixed, one‐dimensional tax item within the Ottoman fiscal system but as a multi‐layered administrative instrument organized around obligation, exemption and remission.
ÖZLEM BAŞARIR
wiley   +1 more source

Barbara's Daughters: Women's Boxing and Social Memory in Britain

open access: yesHistory, EarlyView.
Abstract A pioneer of post‐war boxing, Barbara Buttrick fought in fairgrounds and on music‐hall stages in Britain and France before making a career in the United States during the 1950s. She fought against practical obstacles, prejudice and discrimination to become the Women's World Flyweight and Bantamweight Champion in 1957. This article examines her
Matthew Taylor
wiley   +1 more source

Hunting in the Ghaznavid State: Courtly Culture, Military Practices and Political Power

open access: yesHistory, EarlyView.
Abstract Hunting occupied an important place in the royal court culture of the Ghaznavid state (963–1186 CE). Ghaznavid hunting culture developed through the interaction of Turkic‐Islamic political traditions, Persianate models of kingship and local ecological settings. Rather than constituting a fully formalized institution, Ghaznavid hunting practice
Arslan Durdu
wiley   +1 more source

The Momentum of ‘Developed’: Bodies of Water, Aging Bodies and Malta's Interventions at the UN

open access: yesHistory, EarlyView.
Abstract Histories of major powers continue to shape how many scholars conceptualize internationalism. By focusing on Malta's interventions at the UN challenges, this article challenges such narrative. In particular, it examines Arvid Pardo's 1967 petition that the seabed be reconceived and protected as the ‘common heritage of mankind’ and Vincent ...
Brianne Wesolowski
wiley   +1 more source

Building process improvement capacity in epidemiologic research operations: the Nurses' Health Studies experience. [PDF]

open access: yesAm J Epidemiol
Bassett L   +7 more
europepmc   +1 more source

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