Results 71 to 80 of about 1,345 (170)

Differential cohesin loading marks paired and unpaired regions of platypus sex chromosomes at prophase I

Scientific Reports, 2017
Cohesins are vital for chromosome organisation during meiosis and mitosis. In addition to the important function in sister chromatid cohesion, these complexes play key roles in meiotic recombination, DSB repair, homologous chromosome pairing and ...
Aaron E. Casey, Tasman J. Daish, Jose Luis Barbero, Frank Grützner   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

From armadillos to sloths: Patterns and variations in xenarthran coronary anatomy

The Anatomical Record, Volume 309, Issue 8, Page 2199-2220, August 2026.
Abstract Species of the superorder Xenarthra play a vital ecological role in the Neotropics. Despite their evolutionary significance, anatomical studies on their coronary circulation remain scarce. This study investigated the coronary anatomy of 82 hearts from nine Xenarthra species across the Dasypodidae, Myrmecophagidae, and Bradypodidae.
Wilson Viotto‐Souza, André Luiz Quagliatto Santos, Marcelo Abidu‐Figueiredo, Thaís Aparecida Silva, Rodrigo Ananias Barreiros Silva, Paulo de Souza‐Junior   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Placental crises: disruptive selection and maternal under‐investment as the foundations of mammalian placental evolution and dysfunction

Biological Reviews, Volume 101, Issue 4, Page 1627-1640, August 2026.
ABSTRACT Among the vertebrates, mammals are notable for the dominance of live birth and placental nutrition. The structural diversity of the mammalian placenta is remarkable, despite sharing a single common ancestor and conserved physiological functions.
Davis Laundon, Neil J. Gostling, Ian G. Reddin, Bram G. Sengers, Pascale Chavatte‐Palmer, Rohan M. Lewis   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Keratan Sulfate: An Electroconductive Glycosaminoglycan at the Interface of Sensory Perception and Neural Signaling

Journal of Neuroscience Research, Volume 104, Issue 8, August 2026.
Laboratory studies show KS has electroconductive properties with the ability to trap and transport protons in neurotransductive processes (Grotthuss proton shuttling). This maintains electrochemical gradients and fluxes at the neuronal cell surface in neural activation. Such processes are central to neuronal cell signaling and communication.
James Melrose
wiley   +1 more source

The Molecular Architecture for the Intermediate Filaments of Hard α-Keratin Based on the Superlattice Data Obtained from a Study of Mammals Using Synchrotron Fibre Diffraction

Biochemistry Research International, 2011
High- and low-angle X-ray diffraction studies of hard α-keratin have been studied, and various models have been proposed over the last 70 years. Most of these studies have been confined to one or two forms of alpha keratin.
Veronica James
doaj   +1 more source

Musculoskeletal networks reveal topological disparity in mammalian neck evolution

BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2017
Background The increase in locomotor and metabolic performance during mammalian evolution was accompanied by the limitation of the number of cervical vertebrae to only seven.
Patrick Arnold, Borja Esteve-Altava, Martin S. Fischer   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Formation and Dissociation of Sperm Bundles in Monotremes

Biology of Reproduction, 2016
Because monotremes are the earliest offshoot of the mammalian lineage, the platypus and short-beaked echidna were studied as model animals to assess the origin and biological significance of adaptations considered unique to therian mammals: epididymal sperm maturation and subsequent capacitation. We show that spermatozoa from both species assemble into
Nixon, B., Ecroyd, H., Dacheux, Jean-Louis, Dacheux, Françoise, Labas, Valérie, Johnston, S.D., Jones, R.C.   +6 more
openaire   +5 more sources

Convergent gene losses and pseudogenizations in multiple lineages of stomachless fishes

Communications Biology
The regressive evolution of independent lineages often results in convergent phenotypes. Several teleost groups display secondary loss of the stomach, and four gastric genes, atp4a, atp4b, pgc, and pga2 have been co-deleted in agastric (stomachless) fish.
Akira Kato, Supriya Pipil, Chihiro Ota, Makoto Kusakabe, Taro Watanabe, Ayumi Nagashima, An-Ping Chen, Zinia Islam, Naoko Hayashi, Marty Kwok-Shing Wong, Masayuki Komada, Michael F. Romero, Yoshio Takei   +12 more
doaj   +1 more source

Chromosomal gene movements reflect the recent origin and biology of therian sex chromosomes.

PLoS Biology, 2008
Mammalian sex chromosomes stem from ancestral autosomes and have substantially differentiated. It was shown that X-linked genes have generated duplicate intronless gene copies (retrogenes) on autosomes due to this differentiation.
Lukasz Potrzebowski, Nicolas Vinckenbosch, Ana Claudia Marques, Frédéric Chalmel, Bernard Jégou, Henrik Kaessmann   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Ancient antimicrobial peptides kill antibiotic-resistant pathogens: Australian mammals provide new options.

PLoS ONE, 2011
BackgroundTo overcome the increasing resistance of pathogens to existing antibiotics the 10×'20 Initiative declared the urgent need for a global commitment to develop 10 new antimicrobial drugs by the year 2020. Naturally occurring animal antibiotics are
Jianghui Wang, Emily S W Wong, Jane C Whitley, Jian Li, Jessica M Stringer, Kirsty R Short, Marilyn B Renfree, Katherine Belov, Benjamin G Cocks   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source