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The Concept of Independence of Central Bank on the Example of the National Bank of Poland [PDF]
The need for independence of the central bank results from the fiduciary nature of modern money. Independence of the central bank is generally understood as depriving the executive of the influence on the bank's decisions, while depriving the legislative
Agata Tarnacka
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NBU and Its Role in the Implementation of Monetary and Credit Policy in Wartime [PDF]
The article examines the purpose, methods and tools of the monetary and credit policy of the National Bank of Ukraine. It is determined that the NBU is the main State-authorized institution in Ukraine, which is responsible for planning and implementing ...
Doroshenko Nadiia O. +1 more
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Corporation and State Interests in Industry: Nevsky Plant in 1855-1888
The formation of the joint-stock company of the “Nevsky Zavod” from the mid-1850s to the end of the 1880s as a large machine-building enterprise is studied.
M. N. Baryshnikov
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Introduction: Mohsen Foroughi was one of the first-generation Iranian modernist architects who joined Iranian architecture in the 1940s. His knowledge of architecture obtained in one of the most important French architectural schools—École des Beaux-Arts—
Ahmad Moghaddasi +2 more
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Firms’ participation in the Swiss COVID-19 loan programme
This paper analyses the determinants of firm participation in the Swiss COVID-19 loan programme, which aims to bridge firms’ liquidity shortfalls that have resulted from the pandemic.
Lucas Marc Fuhrer +2 more
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50-dinar banknote created during peace: Released during the War [PDF]
The paper provides a review of the activities of the Ministry of Finance and the National Bank of Yugoslavia in the period from 1931 to 1941, during which the 50-dinar banknote was prepared, printed and, after almost ten years of waiting, put into ...
Pantelić Svetlana
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Short- and medium-term fiscal positions in a high-inflation environment: the case of Croatia
This paper analyses the short- and medium-term effects of high inflation on fiscal developments in Croatia. The main analytical novelty is to add inflation shocks to the fiscal reaction function, an approach that was not considered in macro-fiscal ...
Frane Banic +2 more
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ESTABLISHMENT OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM IN THE KINGDOM OF SERBS, CROATS, AND SLOVENES AFTER THE FIRST WORLD WAR [PDF]
As a socially, politically, and economically complex community, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes faced numerous financial difficulties. In order to enable the state to function smoothly, revive and develop economic activities, and allow ...
Sanja Jerković, Saša Ilić
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Background Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an economically essential sugar crop worldwide. Its agronomic traits are highly diverse and phenotypically plastic, influencing taproot yield and quality.
Dali Liu +8 more
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