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Graphite, semi-graphite, natural coke, and natural char classification—ICCP system

International Journal of Coal Geology, 2004
This document presents the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (ICCP) classification of four organic components that cannot be included into any of the three maceral groups vitrinite, inertinite and liptinite: (1) Graphite; (2) Semi-graphite; (3) Natural coke; and (4) Natural char.
B Kwiecińska, H.I Petersen
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Imperfections in natural graphite

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 1961
Abstract Lattice or surface imperfections in graphite may play an important role as active sites in its oxidation. Thin films of a natural graphite, Madagascar flake, examined by electron microscopy revealed the presence of flat graphite sheets whose basal planes were predominantly normal to the electron beam.
J.A. Hedley, D.R. Ashworth
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Grinding characteristics of bromine-exfoliated graphite and natural graphite

Powder Technology, 1990
The grinding characteristics of natural graphite are discussed and a new graphite grinding method is proposed for obtaining fine particles. Natural graphite was well ground in dry air after vacuum drying at 10−3 Torr and 80°C and its 50% diameter of cumulative underside of products ground for 12 h was approximately 1.4 μm.
Y. Kuga   +3 more
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Purification and preparation of graphite oxide from natural graphite

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2016
Graphite oxide has attracted much interest as a possible route for preparation of natural graphite in the large-scale production and manipulation of graphene as a material with extraordinary electronic properties. Graphite oxide was prepared by modified Hummers method from purified natural graphite sample from West Kalimantan.
C. Panatarani   +3 more
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STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF NATURAL GRAPHITE

International Geology Review, 1986
Graphite is the end member for a series of states of carbonaceous materials differing in structural ordering, which are determined by the distortion in the individual layers, and the regularity of orientation and positions. Consequently, the structural features of graphite and graphitized carbon have attracted much attention in research on the ...
F. V. Chukhrov   +4 more
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Natural carbon nanofibers in graphite

Mineralogy and Petrology, 2011
Natural carbon nanofibers have been found in diamond-bearing carbonatites from the Chagatay trachyte-carbonatite complex (Uzbekistan) and described using a series of methods, including SEM, TEM, and Raman spectroscopy. The carbon nanofibers occur as tight aggregates within the host graphite, forming natural bulk nano-structural intergrowths.
Tatyana Grygoryevna Shumilova   +3 more
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Intercalation of natural flake graphites

Journal of Materials Science, 1984
Natural flake graphites are characterized in terms of their ability to form intercalation compounds. Factors such as amounts and distribution of mineral matter, extents of intercalation by bisulphate and bromine, flake thickness and fissuring which control extents of intercalation are examined.
I. A. S. Edwards, H. Marsh, N. Murdie
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Production of nanosized graphite powders from natural graphite by detonation

Carbon, 2008
Abstract A detonation method for preparing nanosized graphite powders from natural graphite is described. The process initiated by a detonator in an explosion vessel features quick release of energy, decomposition of HNO 3 graphite intercalation compounds and the smashing action due to the detonation.
Guilei Sun   +4 more
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Microstructural investigations of natural and synthetic graphites and semi-graphites

International Journal of Coal Geology, 2013
Abstract The present work is focused on the characterization of natural samples as end-member products of coalification process—semi-graphites and graphites, and on the characterization of manufactured graphite. To evaluate the properties of the materials a multi-methodology approach was applied using bulk characterization techniques (chemical ...
Rodrigues, Sandra   +5 more
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Natural graphitization of anthracite: Experimental considerations

Carbon, 1995
Abstract An anthracite coal (Romax = 5.27%, fixed carbon = 95.5%) was deformed in the steady state at various pressures, temperatures, and experimental configurations to assess the effects of stress, strain, and strain energy on graphitization. In simple shear tests, graphite first appears at temperatures as low as 600 °C and samples tested at 900 °C
R.M. Bustin, J.-N. Rouzaud, J.V. Ross
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