Results 71 to 80 of about 915,756 (219)

Neutrosophic Crisp Sets & Neutrosophic Crisp Topological Spaces [PDF]

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 2014
In this paper, we generalize the crisp topological spaces to the notion of neutrosophic crisp topological space, and we construct the basic concepts of the neutrosophic crisp topology.
A. A. Salama, Florentin Smarandache, Valeri Kroumov   +2 more
doaj  

Retinal Vessel Segmentation: A Comprehensive Review From Classical Methods to Deep Learning Advances (1982–2025)

Advanced Intelligent Systems, Volume 8, Issue 7, July 2026.
Four decades of retinal vessel segmentation research (1982–2025) are synthesized, spanning classical image processing, machine learning, and deep learning paradigms. A meta‐analysis of 428 studies establishes a unified taxonomy and highlights performance trends, generalization capabilities, and clinical relevance.
Avinash Bansal, Jan Kubíček, Jana Bahrová, Alice Varyšová, Martin Augustýnek, Marek Penhaker, Juraj Timkovič   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Neutrosophic soft δ-topology and neutrosophic soft δ-compactness

, 2020
We introduce the concepts of neutrosophic soft ?-interior, neutrosophic soft quasi-coincidence, neutrosophic soft q-neighbourhood, neutrosophic soft regular open set, neutrosophic soft ?-closure, neutrosophic soft ?-closure and neutrosophic soft semi ...
A. Acikgoz, F. Esenbel
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Metrizability of Topology, Precompactness and Semi-Compatibal Mappings in Neutrosophic Metric Spaces [PDF]

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
In this manuscript, we discuss the metrizability of the topology produced by arbitrary neutrosophic metric space. Further, we demonstrate that the resulting topology is completely metrizable if the neutrosophic metric space is complete and a neutrosophic
Khaleel Ahmad, Umar Ishtiaq
doaj   +1 more source

New Open Sets in N-Neutrosophic Supra Topological Spaces [PDF]

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 2020
The neutrosophic set is an imprecise set to deal the concepts of uncertainty, vagueness and irregularity, which consists of three independent functions called truth-membership, indeterminacy-membership and falsity-membership.
G.Jayaparthasarathy, M.Arockia Dasan, V.F.Little Flower, R.Ribin Christal   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Neutrosophic Set‐Based Active Contour Model for Medical Image Segmentation

IET Image Processing, Volume 20, Issue 1, January/December 2026.
We propose a neutrosophic set‐based active contour model for accurate and efficient segmentation of magnetic resonance (MR) and retinal images. By combining neutrosophic truth, falsity, and indeterminacy subsets with a Heaviside‐based level set formulation, the method robustly handles noise, intensity inhomogeneity, and weak edges.
Kazım Hanbay
wiley   +1 more source

Edelstein Fixed Point Theorem in Neutrosophic Metric Spaces With an Application to an SIR‐Type Epidemic Model

International Journal of Differential Equations, Volume 2026, Issue 1, 2026.
In this paper, utilizing the concept of neutrosophic metric spaces proposed by Kirisci and Simsek, we establish a fixed point theorem of Edelstein type within this framework. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the validity of the main result. Furthermore, we present an application to a general SIR‐type epidemic model.
Vishal Gupta, Nitika Garg, Rahul Shukla, Md. Kamrujjaman   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Single valued neutrosophic mappings defined by single valued neutrosophic relations with applications [PDF]

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 2020
In this paper, we introduce the notion of single valued neutrosophic mapping defined by single valued neutrosophic relation which is considered as a generalization of fuzzy mapping defined by fuzzy relation and several properties related to this notion
Abdelkrim Latreche, Omar Barkat, Soheyb Milles, Farhan Ismail   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Counterpart of Boundary Topological Operators Within the Framework of Primal Topological Spaces

International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, Volume 2026, Issue 1, 2026.
In this paper, we aim to introduce a new operator via primal topological spaces, called the ⊤‐operator, and look into its basic properties. Among the interesting results we prove, for every subset D, we have (1) D⊤⊆Fr(D), where Fr is the topological boundary operator, and (2) D⊤ = ∅, whenever either a subset D or its complement lies outside the given ...
Murad Özkoç, Faical Yacine Issaka, A. A. Azzam, Tareq M. Al-shami, Shikha Binwal   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Ensemble neural networks using interval neutrosophic sets and bagging [PDF]

, 2007
This paper presents an approach to the problem of binary classification using ensemble neural networks based on interval neutrosophic sets and bagging technique.
Wong, K.W., Pawalai Kraipeerapun, Fung, C.C., Chun Che Fung, Kraipeerapun, P., Kok Wai Wong   +5 more
core   +1 more source