Results 251 to 260 of about 190,405 (306)

Early synapsids neurosensory diversity revealed by CT and synchrotron scanning

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Non‐mammaliaform synapsids (NMS) represent the closest relatives of today's mammals among the early amniotes. Exploring their brain and nervous system is key to understanding how mammals evolved. Here, using CT and Synchrotron scanning, we document for the first time three extreme cases of neurosensory and behavioral adaptations that probe ...
J. Benoit, R. Araujo, E. S. Lund, A. Bolton, T. Lafferty, Z. Macungo, V. Fernandez   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Functional models from limited data: A parametric and multimodal approach to anatomy and 3D kinematics of feeding in basking sharks (Cetorhinus maximus)

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Basking sharks, Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, Brugden [Squalus maximus], Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter, 1765, vol. 3, pp. 33–49), feed by gaping their mouths and gill slits, greatly reorienting their cranial skeletons to filter food from water.
Tairan Li, Mike Schindler, Martha Paskin, Venkata A. Surapaneni, Elliott Scott, Sabine Hauert, Nicholas Payne, David E. Cade, Jeremy A. Goldbogen, Frederik H. Mollen, Daniel Baum, Sean Hanna, Mason N. Dean   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

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Measures of Niche Overlap

Ecology, 1980
This paper examines the mathematical bases of three commonly used measures of niche overlap along a single resource dimension: curve averaging, asymmetrical α and symmetrical α. Also, we examine the common methods (product α, summation α) for calculating overlap along two or more resource dimensions.
C. N. Slobodchikoff, William C. Schulz
openaire   +1 more source

Bias in Estimating Niche Overlap

Ecology, 1982
Bias refers to the accuracy of a particular estimator. We evaluate bias, using analytic and simulation technics, for six measures of overlap: the likelihood ratio measure, the chi—square measure, the measure based on the Freeman—Tukey statistic, Morisita's adjusted index, Morista's original index, and Horn's information index.
Eric P. Smith, Thomas M. Zaret
openaire   +1 more source

Multivariate measures of similarity and niche overlap

Theoretical Population Biology, 1989
Niche overlap measures are used to assess the similarity in resource use by two species. Recently researchers have used niche overlap measures as summary measures and for making inferences, typically about competition for resources. The problem of estimating niche overlap when the niches are multivariate normal distributions with equal covariance ...
Lu, Ruey-Pyng, Smith, Eric P., Good, I. J.   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Temporal niche overlap among insectivorous small mammals

Integrative Zoology, 2011
AbstractBeing active in the same environment at different times exposes animals to the effects of very different environmental factors, both biotic and abiotic. In the present study, we used live traps equipped with timing devices to evaluate the potential role of biotic factors (competition and food abundance) on overall overlap in the temporal niche ...
Emerson M, Vieira, Gabriela, Paise
openaire   +2 more sources

Predators reduce niche overlap between sympatric prey

Oikos, 2021
Predators may alter niche overlap between prey species by eliciting divergent anti‐predator behavior. Accordingly, we exploited heterogeneous gray wolf Canis lupus presence in Washington, USA, to contrast patterns of resource and dietary overlap between mule Odocoileus ...
Justin A. Dellinger, Carolyn R. Shores, Apryle D. Craig, Shannon M. Kachel, Michael R. Heithaus, William J. Ripple, Aaron J. Wirsing   +6 more
openaire   +1 more source

On the limit to niche overlap for nonuniform niches

Theoretical Population Biology, 1976
Abstract May and MacArthur (1972) have demonstrated that where several species are in competition for a single resource the requirement of long term population stability sets an upper limit to the allowable similarity of competing species. Their model considers a community of N species competing on a one dimensional resource continuum e.g., food ...
openaire   +2 more sources

On the theory of niche overlap

Theoretical Population Biology, 1974
Abstract The factors which are likely to limit niche overlap are studied for a class of idealized biological communities in which several species compete on a onedimensional continuum of resources, e.g., food size. Although the shape of the resource spectrum restricts the composition of possible equilibrium communities, and although this restriction ...
openaire   +2 more sources

Niche Overlap and Competition in Woodrats

Journal of Mammalogy, 1971
The ranges of Neotoma lepida and Neotoma fuscipes overlap in the Mohave Desert of southeastern California. Food resources of these woodrats were analyzed to determine degree of overlap and other possible competitive interactions. In most aspects of habitat, the two species are distinctly separated, but analyses of food caches and stomach contents ...
openaire   +2 more sources