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Catalysis by nitric oxide synthase
Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 1998The enzyme nitric oxide synthase catalyzes the oxidation of the amino acid L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide in an NADPH-dependent reaction. Nitric oxide plays a critical role in signal transduction pathways in the cardiovascular and nervous systems and is a key component of the cytostatic/cytotoxic function of the immune system ...
Michael A. Marletta +2 more
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Nitric oxide synthase in invertebrates
The Histochemical Journal, 1995The gas nitric oxide is now recognized as an important signalling molecule that is synthesized from L-arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase. This enzyme can be localized by different methods, including immunocytochemistry and the histochemical reaction for NADPH diaphorase.
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Nitric oxide synthase and hypertension
Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, 2002Nitric oxide, the metabolic product of L-arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of vascular homeostasis. Its complex interaction with the autocrine and paracrine systems, particularly angiotensin II, modulates vasoconstriction and vasodilatation as well as the architectural remodeling of the vascular bed ...
Baudouin Leclercq +2 more
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Nitric oxide synthases and osteoarthritis
Current Rheumatology Reports, 2007The production of nitric oxide (NO) by chondrocytes is increased in human osteoarthritis. The excessive production of NO inhibits matrix synthesis and promotes its degradation. Furthermore, by reacting with oxidants such as superoxide anion, NO promotes cellular injury and renders the chondrocyte susceptible to cytokine-induced apoptosis.
Jose U. Scher +2 more
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors [PDF]
, 2003 In 1990, several studies reported that an enhanced formation of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) contributes to the hypotension caused by endotoxin and tumor-necrosis factor-α (TNFα) (1-3). In addition, it became apparent that this overproduction of NO also plays an important role in the pathophysiology of the vascular hyporesponsiveness to vasoconstrictor
Dilani Siriwardena +2 more
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Bacterial Nitric Oxide Synthases
Annual Review of Biochemistry, 2010Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are multidomain metalloproteins first identified in mammals as being responsible for the synthesis of the wide-spread signaling and protective agent nitric oxide (NO). Over the past 10 years, prokaryotic proteins that are homologous to animal NOSs have been identified and characterized, both in terms of enzymology and ...
Bhumit A. Patel +2 more
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Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase
2011Diabetic nephropathy remains a leading cause for end-stage renal disease indicating a failure of current therapeutic strategies. One factor that impairs our ability to make advances has been the inadequacy of most animal models in manifesting advanced diabetic renal disease.
Takahiko Nakagawa, Richard J. Johnson
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Mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 2005Mitochondria produce nitric oxide (NO) through a Ca(2+)-sensitive mitochondrial NO synthase (mtNOS). The NO produced by mtNOS regulates mitochondrial oxygen consumption and transmembrane potential via a reversible reaction with cytochrome c oxidase.
Pedram Ghafourifar, Enrique Cadenas
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Cloning and characterization of inducible nitric oxide synthase from mouse macrophages.
Science, 1992Nitric oxide (NO) conveys a variety of messages between cells, including signals for vasorelaxation, neurotransmission, and cytotoxicity. In some endothelial cells and neurons, a constitutive NO synthase is activated transiently by agonists that elevate ...
Q. Xie +8 more
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Mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase
Mitochondrion, 2004Nitric oxide (NO*) can bind to and inhibit the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV). In vivo, NO* is made by the NO* synthase (NOS) family of enzymes, and considerable debate has recently arisen regarding a NOS inside mitochondria (termed 'mtNOS').
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