Results 211 to 220 of about 2,737 (260)

A model of substitution of non‐tariff barriers for tariffs [PDF]

Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, 2000
In this paper some coherent explanations are suggested for tariff reductions and substitution of non‐tariff barriers for tariffs, taking into account both organized special interests and unorganized consumer interests. The focus is on how the presence of informed consumers affects the political equilibrium choice of trade policy.
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Non-Tariff Barriers

1991
Reviewing the nature of the existing non-tariff barriers (NTBs) we find that with a few significant exceptions their direct cost to firms is really quite modest. EC experts estimate that frontier controls and administrative barriers to trade impose a burden of 0.2–0.3 per cent of EC GDP; but the EC market is distinctly fragmented and benefits of up to ...
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Non-tariff barriers in international trade

Culegere de lucrari stiintifice: Simpozion stiintific al tinerilor cercetatori, vol 1, 2023
In the contemporary economy there have always been and always will be certain protective trade policies that require contrary actions to restore a level playing field with fair trade. Clearly, the reasons for the slowdown in global trade are manifold. In this context non-tariff measures remain a not infrequently controversial subject of discussion and ...
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NON-TARIFF TRADE BARRIERS IN AGRICULTURE

2004
As trade agreements lower tariff rates throughout the world, other barriers to trade emerge. These non-tariff barriers can be just as troublesome for exporting companies. Non-tariff barriers include technical measures, customs rules and procedures, transport regulations or costs, lack of knowledge of regional markets, and import policies. The objective
Mattson, Jeremy W., Koo, Won W., Taylor, Richard D., Mattson, Jeremy W., Koo, Won W., Taylor, Richard D.   +5 more
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Application of non-tariff barriers [PDF]

, 2011
This paper investigates the sensitivity of the physical volume of imports of foreign goods to non-tariff measures in regulation of foreign trade in Russia and other former Soviet republics. The author gives estimates of the ad valorem equivalent of each non-tariff measure for various commodity groups.
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The Harmonisation of Non-tariff Barriers

1981
The considerable achievement of EEC countries in removing internal tariff barriers has in recent years been overshadowed by the growth of invisible or non-tariff impediments to trade. Indeed, countries have in certain cases retreated behind non-tariff barriers in response to the abolition of tariffs.
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Non-tariff barriers, market access, and trade [PDF]

, 2001
This paper analyses the effects of non-tariff barriers, in terms of both variable and fixed export costs, on trade structure. The relationship between fixed and variable trade costs determines whether international trade emerges. If trade emerges, only variable, but not fixed export costs, influence the trade structure.
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Patents as non-tariff trade barriers

Trends in Biotechnology, 1989
Abstract Patents influence economic development and international competition in the biotechnology industry. They have been, and currently are, used in many countries as a form of non-tariff trade barrier, where legislative, judicial or simply policy mechanics dissuade non-residents from entering into business.
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Something fishy in seafood trade? The relation between tariff and non‐tariff barriers

American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2022
Kathy Baylis, Lia Nogueira, Linlin Fan   +2 more
exaly  

Economic Analysis of Non-Tariff Barriers

1998
As opposed to a tariff which is a tax imposed on imports, non-tariff barriers (NTBs) are non-tax measures imposed by a domestic government to discriminate against foreign producers and in favour of domestic ones. While tariffs generate revenues, non-tariff barriers can be seen as generating additional costs.
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