Results 51 to 60 of about 55,836 (247)

Nature of Charge for Breach of Budgetary Discipline from Czech Perspective

open access: yesWroclaw Review of Law, Administration and Economics, 2021
This article is focused on the issue of the imposition of the charge for the breach of the budgetary discipline and its nature as a criminal sanction for the purposes of the application of articles 6 and 7 of the European Convention for the Protection of
Sejkora Tomáš
doaj   +1 more source

Managed decline: Muddling through with the Sterling (dis)Agreements, 1968–74

open access: yesThe Economic History Review, EarlyView.
Abstract How do policymakers manage the decline of an international currency? This paper revisits the view that the ‘Sterling Agreements’ of 1968–74 – bilateral contracts between the UK and sterling‐holding governments – marked a successful paradigm shift towards sterling's managed ‘retirement’.
Alan de Bromhead   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

How to Understand non bis in idem?: The Element of idem According to the ECtHR

open access: yesAnnales de la Faculté de Droit d’Istanbul, 2019
The European Court of Human Rights essentially has three approaches on the issue of the interpretation of idem within the context of the non bis in idem principle, namely “same conduct test”, “essential elements test” and “same act test”. These three interpretations are highly open to criticism.
openaire   +3 more sources

Snapshots from a Fast‐Moving Train: Religious History 1960–2025

open access: yes
Journal of Religious History, EarlyView.
Alexandra Walsham
wiley   +1 more source

Chasing the perfida Albione: Anglo‐Italian productivity gap in the late 1930s

open access: yesThe Economic History Review, EarlyView.
Abstract This paper presents new estimates of Anglo‐Italian labour productivity levels in manufacturing in the late 1930s, derived using the standard single‐deflation approach. The findings confirm a substantial productivity gap between Italy and the United Kingdom at the aggregate level, alongside pronounced intersectoral heterogeneity.
Tancredi Salamone
wiley   +1 more source

Between famine and freedom: Food prices during the Indonesian War of Independence, 1945–9

open access: yesThe Economic History Review, EarlyView.
Abstract This paper investigates how the Indonesian War of Independence (1945‒9) influenced staple food prices, and how fluctuations in those prices, in turn, shaped the trajectory and dynamics of the conflict. We compiled a dataset comprising more than 8600 prices for staple foods covering the entire Indonesian archipelago from 1939‒49, allowing us to
Ingrid de Zwarte   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Political culture in the Holy Roman Empire [PDF]

open access: yes, 2009
This article reviews six essay collections and one monograph on late medieval and early modern political culture in the Holy Roman Empire. Following a general survey of historiographical trends and a discussion of the specific contributions of the works ...
Kümin, Beat A.
core   +1 more source

Life‐cycle living standards of male‐headed households: Evidence from Stockholm, 1800–80

open access: yesThe Economic History Review, EarlyView.
Abstract Recent research in economic history argues for using a household life cycle standard‐of‐living approach that includes the income and expenses of all household members and considers fluctuations in the household over the life course. This study builds on that approach by empirically examining the development of living standards in male‐headed ...
Anton Svensson
wiley   +1 more source

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