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The Nuclear Umbrella in Europe
2022Abstract: Within the framework of the Atlantic Alliance, Europe has been “protected” by the American nuclear umbrella since the Cold War. This chapter reviews the state of affairs of this extended nuclear deterrent (END). Which trends make that the US nuclear umbrella in Europe will be strengthened, changed, or discarded in the future?
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16. Nuclear Abolition or Nuclear Umbrella? Choices and Contradictions in U .S. Proposals
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Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 1986
The author believes France's nuclear force, “the thunderbolt in Europe's bosom,” is the ultimate defense against Soviet aggression. But he calls for greater European cooperation on both conventional and nuclear strategy.
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The author believes France's nuclear force, “the thunderbolt in Europe's bosom,” is the ultimate defense against Soviet aggression. But he calls for greater European cooperation on both conventional and nuclear strategy.
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Foreign Affairs, 1994
nuclear program is merely the latest evi dence that the global nonproliferation regime, symbolized by the nuclear Non proliferation Treaty (npt), is inexorably breaking down. Although U.S. conces sions may ultimately induce Pyongyang once again to allow international inspections, that will be a meager accomplishment.
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nuclear program is merely the latest evi dence that the global nonproliferation regime, symbolized by the nuclear Non proliferation Treaty (npt), is inexorably breaking down. Although U.S. conces sions may ultimately induce Pyongyang once again to allow international inspections, that will be a meager accomplishment.
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CHAPTER SIX. The U.S. Nuclear Umbrella Planning, Capabilities, and Credibility
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