Results 1 to 10 of about 337,613 (156)
A Formalization of SQL with Nulls. [PDF]
J Autom Reason, 2022 AbstractSQL is the world’s most popular declarative language, forming the basis of the multi-billion-dollar database industry. Although SQL has been standardized, the full standard is based on ambiguous natural language rather than formal specification.
Ricciotti W, Cheney J.
europepmc +14 more sources
SQL Nulls and Two-Valued Logic [PDF]
Proceedings of the 42nd ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGAI Symposium on Principles of Database Systems, 2023 The design of SQL is based on a three-valued logic (3VL), rather than the familiar two-valued Boolean logic (2VL). In addition to true and false, 3VL adds unknown to handle nulls. Viewed as indispensable for SQL expressiveness, it is often criticized for unintuitive behavior of queries and for being a source of programmer mistakes.
Leonid Libkin, Liat Peterfreund
arxiv +5 more sources
Relational Algebra and Calculus with SQL Null Values [PDF]
arXiv, 2022 The logic of nulls in databases has been subject of investigation since their introduction in Codd's Relational Model, which is the foundation of the SQL standard. We show a logical characterisation of a first-order fragment of SQL with null values, by first focussing on a simple extension with null values of standard relational algebra, which captures
Franconi, Enrico, Tessaris, Sergio
arxiv +5 more sources
Translating canonical SQL to imperative code in Coq [PDF]
arXiv, 2022 SQL is by far the most widely used and implemented query language. Yet, on some key features, such as correlated queries and NULL value semantics, many implementations diverge or contain bugs.
Véronique Benzaken +6 more
semanticscholar +2 more sources
On the Codd semantics of SQL nulls [PDF]
Information Systems, 2019 Abstract Theoretical models used in database research often have subtle differences with those occurring in practice. One particular mismatch that is usually neglected concerns the use of marked nulls to represent missing values in theoretical models of incompleteness, while in an SQL database these are all denoted by the same syntactic object ...
Guagliardo, Paolo, Libkin, Leonid
openaire +5 more sources
Correctness of SQL Queries on Databases with Nulls [PDF]
ACM SIGMOD Record, 2017 Multiple issues with SQL's handling of nulls have been well documented. Having efficiency as its main goal, SQL disregards the standard notion of correctness on incomplete databases -- certain answers -- due to its high complexity. As a result, the evaluation of SQL queries on databases with nulls may produce answers that are just plain wrong. However,
Guagliardo, Paolo, Libkin, Leonid
openaire +5 more sources
Usability and optimization of online apps in user’s context [PDF]
PeerJ Computer ScienceThe OptiFlow framework introduces a novel approach for enhancing usability evaluation and optimization known as OptiFlow. This framework combines heuristic evaluation with a web-based platform to provide a comprehensive method for assessing and ...
M. Waseem Iqbal +5 more
doaj +3 more sources
Handling SQL Nulls with Two-Valued Logic
, 2020 The design of SQL is based on a three-valued logic (3VL), rather than the familiar Boolean logic. 3VL adds a truth value unknown to true and false to handle nulls. Viewed as indispensable for SQL expressiveness, it is at the same time much criticized for unintuitive behavior of queries and being a source of programmer mistakes.
Libkin, Leonid, Peterfreund, Liat
openaire +6 more sources
Verifying SQL Queries using Theories of Tables and Relations [PDF]
arXivWe present a number of first- and second-order extensions to SMT theories specifically aimed at representing and analyzing SQL queries with join, projection, and selection op- erations.
Mudathir Mohamed +3 more
semanticscholar +2 more sources
On the Codd Semantics of SQL Nulls
, 2017 Theoretical models used in database research often have subtle differences with those occurring in practice. One particular mismatch that is usually neglected concerns the use of marked nulls to represent missing values in theoretical models of incompleteness, while in an SQL database these are all denoted by the same syntactic NULL object.
Guagliardo, Paolo, Libkin, Leonid
openaire +2 more sources