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Q-band e.p.r. spectra of oil shale, spent shale, and shale oil

Fuel, 1981
Abstract Comparison of X-band (9.1 GHz) and Q-band (35.2 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance (e.p.r.) spectra of oil shale, shale oil, and spent shale indicates that the organic free radical signal observed in all three types of samples is a composite spectrum.
Sandra S. Eaton   +2 more
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Geotomography in oil shale

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 1982
Geophysical tomographs were made of oil shale at the Occidental Oil Shale, Inc., mine near DeBeque, Colorado. These tomographs mapped the in situ radio frequency electromagnetic attenuation of oil shale between 1 and 40 MHz in a plane 27 by 12 m. Measured attenuation rates (inverse skin depth) ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 m−1 with the attenuation rate ...
R. J. Lytle   +4 more
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Developments in Oil Shale

AIME Pacific Southwest Mineral Industry Conference, 1967
It is generally agreed that the world's energy needs are now doubling every 20 years. Within 10 to 15 years, this rate of increase should create a wide enough gap between crude oil supply and demand to enable other sources of energy to enter our economy on a competitive basis.
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Chemistry in the oil shales

Journal of Chemical Education, 1976
The composition of oil shale is described. It is pointed out that although kerogen is the most common form of organic C on earth, there has been relatively little fundamental chemical research on this organic polymer. Results of chemical analyses of mineral and organic fractions of Green River oil shale are given.
Manuel Garcia, Richard E. Bozak
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Oil shales of Mongolia

Solid Fuel Chemistry, 2011
The results of studies of organic matter of Mongolian oil shales are presented. The total amount of bitumens in the shales is less than 2 wt %, whereas the kerogen content is about 15 wt %. A high H/C value (1.5–2.3) and the prevalence of aliphatic over aromatic structures in the insoluble organic matter indicate the usefulness of these oil shales as ...
Zh. Namkhainorov   +4 more
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Shale Oils

2017
Shale oil is the product of the thermal reaction and decomposition of kerogen present in oil shales. Any technology to produce shale oil includes mining, heat treatment—also known as retorting—to extract the oil, and oil upgrading. Mining oil shale can be either surface mining or in situ retorting.
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Oil shales and their analysis

Fuel, 1983
Abstract Oil shales are defined as fine grained sedimentary rocks containing abundant mainly sapropelic organic matter which produce oil on distillation (the merits of their classification are discussed). They represent a vast, relatively untapped, potential source of energy.
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Oil Shale

2017
Oil shale, also called oil parent shale, is an important raw material for producing artificial oil. It can be decomposed into oil-shale oil, dry distillation gas, and shale semicoke. The development and utilization of oil shale throughout the world has been underway for more than 170 years; however, due to limitations related to technology, cost, and ...
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Characteristics and Utilization of Oil Shale and Shale Oil

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, 1951
J. S. Ball   +4 more
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