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Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Surgical Clinics of North America, 1980
Thoracic outlet syndrome includes a variety of previously described syndromes, the common factor being compression of the neurovascular bundle as it exists from the thoracic outlet. Diagnosis is largely one of exclusion but may be aided in some patients by angiography, assessment of the conduction velocity of the ulnar nerve, and other objective tests.
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Vortex Shaft Outlet

2009
Vortex drop shafts are widely used in practice to connect sewer mains characterized by large elevation difference. These structures conventionally include three key elements: intake structure, vertical shaft and outlet structure, also named dissipation chamber.
DEL GIUDICE G   +2 more
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Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

The American Journal of Nursing, 1978
clavicle. This compression results in intermittent to constant pain in the neck, shoulder, upper arm, forearm, or hand. Thoracic outlet syndrome is seen in about one percent of the population(1). The typical patient is a 35-year-old, slender housewife with well-developed musculature.
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Thoracic outlet syndrome

The American Journal of Surgery, 1979
Eleven patients with vascular sequelae of thoracic outlet syndrome were operated on at the University of California, SanFrancisco, during the past 17 years. Five patients presented with episodes of ischemia of the arm and hand secondary to microemboli released from subclavian arterial lesions produced by chronic compression at the thoracic outlet ...
S, Etheredge, B, Wilbur, R J, Stoney
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Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1994
The manifestations of thoracic outlet syndrome vary according to which of the neurovascular structures are affected. To provide optimal treatment, the pathogenesis must be understood in terms of both the anatomic variants and the dynamic factors. The diagnosis is primarily clinical, although ancillary diagnostic studies are useful in selected patients.
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Thoracic outlet syndromes

Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2003
The clinical presentation of thoracic outlet syndrome depends on which anatomic structure is compressed in the area of the thoracic outlet (eg, the axillary-subclavian artery, vein, brachial plexus, or the sympathetic nerves). The clinical syndrome may be isolated to one or a mixture of these compressed anatomic structures.
Harold C., Urschel, Amit, Patel
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Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Neurosurgery, 2004
Abstract OBJECTIVE: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is one of the most controversial clinical entities in medicine. We provide a review of this difficult-to-treat disorder, including a brief overview, clinical presentations, surgical anatomy, treatment options, and outcomes.
Jason H, Huang, Eric L, Zager
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Thoracic Outlet Syndromes

Surgical Clinics of North America, 1974
Detection of significant neural compression utilizing nerve conduction velocity and electromyographic studies has emerged to become critically important in confirming a diagnosis of thoracic outlet compression. Decompression of the thoracic outlet has been accomplished by scalenotomy, cervical or first rib resection, or claviclectomy.
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Thoracic outlet syndrome

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 1998
A careful history and thorough physical examination are the most important components in establishing the diagnosis of TOS. The use of radiographic and laboratory tests, when indicated, can improve the diagnostic yield. Provocative positional maneuvers must be evaluated for their vascular and, more important, for their neurologic response.
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THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROMES

Neurologic Clinics, 1999
The term thoracic outlet syndromes, is a group designation for several distinct disorders (one of questionable validity) involving various components of the brachial plexus, the blood vessels, or both, at various points between the base of the neck and the axilla.
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