Results 11 to 20 of about 5,267 (116)

Mechanisms of tooth damage and Paranthropus dietary reconstruction

Biosurface and Biotribology, 2018
According to the current fossil record, the extinct hominin genus Paranthropus and the genus Homo both first appeared ∼2.7 million years ago. Despite this similarity in geological age, Paranthropus evolved enormous postcanine teeth with very thick enamel
Oscar Borrero-Lopez, Brian Lawn, Paul J Constantino   +2 more
exaly   +4 more sources

Dietary proclivities of Paranthropus robustus from Swartkrans, South Africa [PDF]

Anthropological Review, 2015
Pleistocene Paranthropus robustus fossils from Swartkrans have yielded stable isotope values suggesting some foraging on C4 plants possibly including underground storage organs. Dental microwear texture analysis on P.
L’Engle Williams Frank
doaj   +2 more sources

Evaluating the Evolvability of Paranthropus Cranial Morphology in Relation to Feeding Biomechanics. [PDF]

Am J Biol Anthropol
ABSTRACT Objective Although disagreement persists as to the precise nature of the diet of Paranthropus, there is a consensus that the food resources consumed by Paranthropus were in some way mechanically challenging to process (i.e., by being “hard” and/or “tough”).
Jung H, Rolian C, Strait DS, Baab KL.
europepmc   +2 more sources

Enamel Prism Angle Variation and Hard-Object Feeding in Cercopithecoids With Known Diets. [PDF]

Am J Biol Anthropol
Left: Cercocebus atys specimen 16–9 third molar showing Phase II enamel prism angle (angle between prism path and wear facet) and wear angle (angle between wear facet and enamel dentin junction (EDJ)). Scatterplot of prism vs. wear angles for the Phase II wear facet. Note the higher angles for Cercocebus.
Scheinblum J, McGraw WS, Gurian K, Guatelli-Steinberg D.   +3 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Homo luzonensis and the role of homoplasy in the morphology of hominin insular species. [PDF]

Cladistics
Abstract Homo luzonensis lived during the upper Pleistocene in the northern Philippines, east of the Wallace line. The few specimens attributed to this species show a mosaic of plesiomorphies for the genus Homo and apomorphies found in upper Pleistocene Homo species.
Gousset P, Bardin J, Rouget I, Mijares AS, Détroit F.   +4 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Jaw-Muscle Structure and Function in Primates: Insights Into Muscle Performance and Feeding-System Behaviors. [PDF]

Evol Anthropol
ABSTRACT The jaw‐adductor muscles drive the movements and forces associated with primate feeding behaviors such as biting and chewing as well as social signaling behaviors such as wide‐mouth canine display. The past several decades have seen a rise in research aimed at the anatomy and physiology of primate chewing muscles to better understand the ...
Taylor AB, Holmes MA, Laird MF, Terhune CE.   +3 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Taxonomic and sex differences in sagittal cresting among gracile and robust capuchin monkeys. [PDF]

J Anat
In this study, I show that there are interspecific differences in the frequency and pattern of sagittal cresting among six capuchin species. Four of the six species show sagittal cresting, with Cebus capucinus showing a different sagittal cresting pattern to that observed in three robust capuchin species. All four crested species show sexual dimorphism
Balolia KL.
europepmc   +2 more sources

Brief Communication: An Incipient Coronal Caries Lesion on a Neandertal Molar Tooth From El Sidrón Cave (Northern Spain). [PDF]

Am J Biol Anthropol
ABSTRACT Objectives Here, we present the findings of an incipient caries lesion on a permanent upper left second molar attributed to an adult male Neandertal individual from El Sidrón Cave. This study presents new data regarding the antiquity of human caries lesions, their development, and the possibility of the para‐masticatory behavior component as a
Estalrrich A, Alarcón JA, Tabernero AG, Rosas A.   +3 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Bipedalism or bipedalisms: The os coxae of StW 573. [PDF]

J Anat
There has been a long debate about the possibility of multiple contemporaneous species of Australopithecus in both eastern and southern Africa, potentially exhibiting different forms of bipedal locomotion. Here, we describe the previously unreported morphology of the os coxae in the 3.67 Ma Australopithecus prometheus StW 573 from Sterkfontein Member 2
Crompton R, Elton S, Heaton J, Pickering T, Carlson K, Jashashvili T, Beaudet A, Bruxelles L, Kuman K, Thorpe SK, Hirasaki E, Scott C, Sellers W, Pataky T, Clarke R, McClymont J.   +15 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Impacted Bones: Can Extant Primates Help Identify Tool Use in Early Hominins? [PDF]

Evol Anthropol
ABSTRACT Despite recent advances pushing back the earliest record of tool use, how and when it first emerged in hominins, and the extent to which it featured amongst the numerous co‐existing species, remain critical questions in paleoanthropology. In addition to analyzing fossils and lithic toolkits, novel strides in understanding this might be made by
Hurwitz RM, Almeida-Warren K, Carvalho S, Püschel TA.   +3 more
europepmc   +2 more sources