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Diagnostic Utility of Pleural Fluid Lactate and Pleural Fluid-to-Serum Lactate Ratio in Differentiating Various Etiologies of Exudative Pleural Effusions: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study. [PDF]

Cureus
Ambedare S, Bharti P, Garg S, Debnath E, Kumar A, Yadav VP, Ambedare T.   +6 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Management of Parapneumonic Effusions

Annals of Clinical and Analytical Medicine, 2010
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The application of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in pleural diseases. [PDF]

Medicine (Baltimore)
Yuan M, Luo B, Song C, Hu Y, Qian Q, Ye S.   +5 more
europepmc   +1 more source

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Parapneumonic Effusion and Empyema

Clinics in Chest Medicine, 2021
The rising incidence and high morbidity of pleural infection remain a significant challenge to health care systems worldwide. With distinct microbiology and treatment paradigms from pneumonia, pleural infection is an area in which the evidence base has been rapidly evolving.
Dinesh N, Addala, Eihab O, Bedawi, Najib M, Rahman   +2 more
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Parapneumonic Effusions and Empyema

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2001
Parapneumonic effusions occur in up to 60% of patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia. Fortunately, the majority of these effusions follow an uncomplicated course responding to antibiotic therapy alone. An important subgroup of patients, however, follow a complicated course progressing to an empyema unless infected pleural fluid is ...
J E, Heffner, J, Klein
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Parapneumonic effusions

The American Journal of Medicine, 1980
In this study the incidence and course of pleural effusions (parapneumonic effusions) in patients with acute bacterial pneumonia were prospectively evaluated. Bilateral decubitus chest x-ray films were obtained within 72 hours of admission in 203 patients with an acute febrile illness, purulent sputum and an infiltrate evident on the chest film. Ninety
R W, Light, W M, Girard, S G, Jenkinson, R B, George   +3 more
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MANAGEMENT OF PARAPNEUMONIC EFFUSIONS

Clinics in Chest Medicine, 1998
When a patient with a parapneumonic pleural effusion is first evaluated, a therapeutic thoracentesis should be performed if more than a minimal amount of pleural fluid is present. Fluid obtained at the therapeutic thoracentesis should be gram-stained and cultured and analyzed for glucose, pH, LDH, white blood cells, and differential cell count.
R W, Light, R M, Rodriguez
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Management of complicated parapneumonic effusions

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine, 2022
Purpose of review Approximately 36–57% of cases of pneumonia are associated with a parapneumonic effusion (PPE). It begins as sterile effusion, which can quickly evolve to a fibrinopurulent stage with evidence of infection called complicated parapneumonic effusions (CPPE). Marked fibrinous organization then follows.
Sahar, Sultan, Ena, Gupta, Sadia, Benzaquen   +2 more
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Percutaneous management of parapneumonic effusions

European Journal of Radiology, 2005
Parapneumonic effusions continue to be a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Treatment at earlier stages before fibrous peel and loculations occur has a much better prognosis. Using image guidance, addition of intracavitary fibrinolytic instillation, close follow-up with drainage of residual or new collections are some of the other factors ...
Orhan S, Ozkan, Mustafa N, Ozmen, Okan, Akhan   +2 more
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