Results 91 to 100 of about 31,245 (262)

Versatile Palladium‐Catalyzed C‐H Arylation of Fluoroarenes with 2‐Chloropyridine Derivatives

Chemistry – A European Journal, EarlyView.
Direct C─H arylation of fluoroarenes with 2‐chloropyridines is enabled by a simple Pd/SPhos system in isopropyl acetate. The method uses inexpensive reactants and shows broad scope and high yields. DFT computations explain reactivity and selectivity.
Federico Belnome, Péter P. Fehér, András Stirling, Csongor G. Németh, Tamás Hergert, György M. Keserű, Péter Ábrányi‐Balogh   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

A Methodology to Integrate Closed‐Cycle Heat Pumps into Batch Distillation Columns

Chemie Ingenieur Technik, EarlyView.
Batch distillation often cannot use vapor recompression due to contamination risks in food and pharma. This study proposes a design for integrating closed‐loop heat pumps using natural fluids. Results show significant energy savings, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional setups.
Philipp Dorn, Michael Libuda, Thomas Meyer, Christian Hoffmann, Jens‐Uwe Repke, Stefan Elbel   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Out-of-pocket pharmaceutical expenditure and its determinants among Iranian households with elderly members: a double-hurdle model

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
Objectives The population of older adults continues to grow in Iran, with pharmaceutical costs as a leading driver of household health-related costs.
Mehran Faraji, Tahereh Sharifi, Saeed Mohammad-pour, Javad Javan-Noughabi, Ali Aboutorabi, Shaghayegh yousefi, Mihajlo Jakovljevic   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Development of a Mechanically Regenerating Desublimator for Freeze‐Drying Systems in the Food Industry

Chemie Ingenieur Technik, EarlyView.
Thermal defrosting limits desublimator efficiency in freeze‐drying. This review and case study compares thermal versus mechanical regeneration, links frost properties and external heat transfer to energy demand, and summarizes pilot‐scale scraping results enabling single‐unit, continuous lyophilization.
Moritz Krummenacher, Mirko Kleingries, Edgar Zimmer, Roman Blättler   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Essays on Pharmaceutical Economics

, 2016
This thesis presents an introduction, Chapter One, and three research papers on pharmaceutical economics. In Chapter Two I examine the effect of the regulations restricting price increases on the evolution of pharmaceutical prices. A novel theoretical model shows that this policy leads firms to price new drugs with uncertain demand above the expected ...
openaire   +2 more sources

Discontinuing Long‐Term Denosumab in Treating Fragile Bone: Why, for Whom, and How?

Clinical Pharmacology &Therapeutics, EarlyView.
Discontinuation of denosumab (Dmab) may be necessary due to adverse events or an unfavorable long‐term risk–benefit profile. However, accumulating evidence demonstrates pronounced rebound phenomena after withdrawal, most notably a marked increase in multiple vertebral fractures, and, in some reports, elevated mortality.
Ko‐Hsiu Lu, Renn‐Chia Lin, Ing‐Lin Chang, Shau‐Huai Fu, Meng‐Ying Tsai, Shun‐Fa Yang   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Mapping the Intellectual and Industrial Evolution of Corporate Social Responsibility: A Cross‐Sector Scientometric Analysis Using Main Path and Cluster Methods

Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has undergone continuous expansion across industries, yet its intellectual evolution and cross‐sectoral linkages remain insufficiently understood. This study provides a comprehensive, data‐driven assessment of CSR's developmental trajectories by analyzing 3314 Web of Science articles using key‐route main ...
Wei‐Hao Su, Chia‐Chia Kuo, Long‐Sheng Chen   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Exploring Sustainability Reporting Practices in an Emerging Market: Insights From Corporate Governance and Disclosure Tone

Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT The study examines how narrative disclosure tones (NDTs) and corporate governance mechanisms (CGMs) affect sustainability reporting practices (SRP) in an emerging economy. Data from 125 non‐financial firms in Pakistan, spanning 2011–2022, are utilized. SRP is measured using both GRI and the novel IFRS S1 standards‐based indices. Three NDTs are
Arshad Hasan, Usman Sufi, Franklin Nakpodia   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Pharmaceutical policy and health economics

Folia Pharmacologica Japonica, 2013
Hiroaki, Kakihara, Yoko, Ibuka, Xinxin, Ma   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Sustainability Disclosure and External Assurance of Reports in the Italian Agrifood Sector

Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT The European Union introduced the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) with the aim of aligning the “walk”—the implementation of substantive sustainability practices—and the “talk”—their representation in sustainability reporting.
Andrea Caccialanza, Mirta Casati, Marco Angelo Marinoni   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source