Results 211 to 220 of about 1,049,686 (389)

The difficult discussion on the deactivation of implantable cardioverter devices at the end of life: a systematic review

open access: yesESC Heart Failure, Volume 12, Issue 2, Page 733-760, April 2025.
Abstract Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) reliably prevent death due to life‐threatening arrhythmias; this may become less relevant in people with more severe heart failure who are reaching the end of life (EOL). This review aimed to explore the ICD deactivation process and identify ethical issues, especially around the initiation of ...
Siobhan C. Murray   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Policy Spandrels: How Design Decisions Can Open Up Spaces for Unintended Policy Change

open access: yesEuropean Policy Analysis, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT This article introduces the concept of policy spandrels to make sense of public policies producing second‐order effects that are unintentional from the perspective of policy design and yet are fraught with consequences. By analogy with architectural spandrels—leftover spaces that can be used for unforeseen purposes—policy change can be enabled
Martino Maggetti
wiley   +1 more source

Teaching Students to Understand Knowledge: Stress‐Testing the ‘Justified True Belief Account’ for Critical Thinking

open access: yesFuture in Educational Research, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT This conceptual essay, grounded in a close reading of Plato's Theaetetus, argues that before educators can effectively operationalise critical thinking as the rigorous evaluation ('stress‐testing') of competing knowledge claims, university students must first understand foundational epistemological principles rooted in Plato's tripartite ...
Gerry Dunne
wiley   +1 more source

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