Results 281 to 290 of about 368,691 (302)

Population Attributable Fraction of Incident Dementia Associated With Hearing Loss.

JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery
Importance Hearing loss treatment delays cognitive decline in high-risk older adults. The preventive potential of addressing hearing loss on incident dementia in a community-based population of older adults, and whether it varies by method of hearing ...
Emily Ishak, Emily A Burg, James R. Pike, Pablo Martinez Amezcua, Kening Jiang, Danielle S. Powell, Alison R Huang, Jonathan J. Suen, P. Lutsey, A. Sharrett, J. Coresh, Nicholas S Reed, Jennifer A. Deal, Jason R Smith   +13 more
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Cardia and non‐cardia gastric cancer risk associated with Helicobacter pylori in East Asia and the West: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and estimation of population attributable fraction

Helicobacter, 2023
To assess the region‐specific relative risk of cardia/non‐cardia gastric cancer (CGC/NCGC) associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and quantify its contribution to gastric cancer burden using population attributable fraction (PAF).
Zhongxue Han, Jing Liu, Wenlin Zhang, Qingzhou Kong, Meng Wan, Minjuan Lin, Boshen Lin, Yuming Ding, M. Duan, Yueyue Li, Xiu-li Zuo, Yanqing Li   +11 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Cumulative Risk and Population Attributable Fraction in Prevention

Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 2003
Compares the use of relative risk versus population attributable fraction in determining the target population for multirisk prevention programs in psychology. Results show that relative risk generally increases as a function of cumulative risk. Guided by this measure, prevention programs should target populations with the largest cumulative risk ...
Caroline H, Davis, David P, MacKinnon, Amy, Schultz, Irwin, Sandler   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Methods matter: population attributable fraction (PAF) in sport and exercise medicine

British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2020
Physical inactivity kills as many people as smoking —a newspaper heading reads1 following a Lancet publication2 suggesting that more than 5 million deaths would be avoided annually if all inactive people exercised.
A. Khosravi, R. Nielsen, M. Mansournia
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Decomposition of the population attributable fraction for two exposures

Annals of Epidemiology, 2018
The population attributable fraction (AF) is frequently used to quantify disease burden attributable to exposures. AF is interpreted as the fractional reduction of disease events that would occur if exposures were eliminated. This article aims to provide a decomposition of the overall AF for two exposures into AFs for each of two exposures and AF for ...
Masataka, Taguri, Aya, Kuchiba
openaire   +2 more sources

Population-attributable fraction for occupation and asthma

2010
Here we review the use of the concept of population-attributable risk (PAR) of asthma associated with occupation and give the context for its interpretation. For asthma there is major interest in delineating the “burden of disease”, because such assessments can inform health care priorities, intervention policies, and assessment of impact once such ...
Kjell Torén, Paul D. Blanc
openaire   +1 more source

Errors in the Calculation of the Population Attributable Fraction

Epidemiology
One of the common errors in the calculation of the population attributable fraction (PAF) is the use of an adjusted risk ratio in the Levin formula. In this article, we discuss the errors visually using wireframes by varying the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and associational risk ratio (aRR) when the prevalence of exposure is fixed.
Etsuji Suzuki, Eiji Yamamoto
openaire   +3 more sources

[Population attributable fraction: a guideline for disease prevention].

Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 2022
The improvement of public health relies on effective strategies for disease prevention, but the optimal preventive strategy is often difficult to determine. The population attributable fraction is a tool that allows policy makers to prioritise among different interventions by quantifying the share of disease in the population that is due to one ...
Amber, Yaqub, Mohammad, Ikram, Frank J, Wolters   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Estimating the avoidable burden and population attributable fraction of human risk factors of road traffic injuries in iran: application of penalization, bias reduction and sparse data analysis

International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2019
The aim of this study was to prioritize human risk factors for preventive interventions by estimating the avoidable burden and population attributable fraction (PAF) of each risk factor using penalization and data augmentation method. To avoid the sparse
M. Bakhtiyari, M. Mehmandar, M. Khezeli, A. Latifi, T. A. Jouybari, M. Mansournia   +5 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Why population attributable fractions can sum to more than one

American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2004
Population attributable fractions (PAFs) are useful for estimating the proportion of disease cases that could be prevented if risk factors were reduced or eliminated. For diseases with multiple risk factors, PAFs of individual risk factors can sum to more than 1, a result suggesting the impossible situation in which more than 100% of cases are ...
Alexander K, Rowe, Kenneth E, Powell, W Dana, Flanders   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources