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The labyrinth of the preliminary reference. What is the role of the parties in the current procedural system of the European Union?

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Amending the Preliminary Reference Procedure for the Administrative Judge

Review of European Administrative Law, 2009
This article analyzes the Report on the Preliminary Reference Procedure prepared by the Association of the Councils of State and Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions of the EU on 2008. It explores the proposals submitted by the higher national administrative courts, and develops in a critical light the main points of the Report.
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Evolutive Direct Effect and the Preliminary Reference Procedure

Abstract Chapter II dwells on the complementarity between direct effect and the preliminary ruling procedure. Indeed, the chapter explicates that through the interpretative preliminary reference mechanism and by virtue of the erga omnes effects of preliminary rulings, the Court of Justice not only exercises a monopoly over the ...
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The Preliminary Reference Procedure of the ECOWAS Community Court of Justice: Why Would the Courts Not Play?

African Journal of International and Comparative Law
In what can generally be described as mimicry of the design and functioning of the preliminary reference procedure in the European Union legal framework, leaders of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) introduced the preliminary reference procedure into the ECOWAS legal framework in a 2015 revision of the Protocol of the ECOWAS Court.
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European Court of Justice and preliminary reference procedure today: national judges, please behave!

2014
Preliminary ruling procedure is the area where the peculiar relationship between national judge and EU judge shapes itself in terms of veritable ‘co-jurisdiction’. This co-jurisdiction means also that each judge must shoulder his own responsibilities.
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Judicial Coherence and the Preliminary Reference Procedure

Review of European Administrative Law, 2015
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