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10. The preliminary rulings procedure

open access: yes, 2017
This chapter examines the relationship between the Court of Justice (CJ) and the national courts in the context of the preliminary rulings procedure provided by Article 267 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Philippa Watson   +2 more
core   +1 more source

THE MEANING OF NATIONAL COURT IN ARTICLE 267 TFEU AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE COURT’S INDEPENDENCE [PDF]

open access: yesChallenges of the Knowledge Society, 2019
The notion of “court or tribunal of a Member State” in Article 267 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union has been given an autonomous meaning by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), resulting from its rich case-law of ...
Iuliana-Mădălina LARION
doaj  

EU Procedural Law Revisited: The Reformed EU Judicial Architecture between the Statute of the Court of Justice and the Rules of Procedure

open access: yesEuropean Papers
(Series Information) European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2025 10(2), 293-326 | Article | (Table of Contents) 1. Introduction: scope and purposes of the analysis. – 2.
Lorenzo Grossio, Davor Petrić
doaj   +1 more source

Concept of a „court” for the purposes of the preliminary ruling procedure [PDF]

open access: yesPrzegląd Europejski
The subject of the study is the criteria for recognising a given body as a “court” for the purposes of preliminary ruling proceedings. The problem examined in the article translates directly into ensuring the right to an effective means of judicial ...
Magdalena Matusiak-Frącczak
doaj   +1 more source

De novo synthesis of short‐chain aldehydes and hydrocarbons secreted by the brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys

open access: yesFEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, mainly secretes 4‐oxo‐(E)‐2‐hexenal, (E)‐2‐decenal, dodecane and tridecane, a mixture representative of that released by many heteropterans. We demonstrated that H. halys can synthesise these secretory components de novo using dietary glucose.
Haruna Fujimori, Koji Noge
wiley   +1 more source

Protocol for quantifying miRNA trafficking across the endosomal membrane

open access: yesFEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
An in vitro protocol measures miRNA uptake into endosomes isolated from mammalian cell extracts, which are free of subcellular contaminants. Performed at 37 °C in the presence of ATP, it ensures the import of single‐stranded miRNA into the endosomal lumen.
Syamantak Ghosh   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Comparative assessment of crystallographic and cryo‐EM models in the Protein Data Bank

open access: yesFEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
Raw data obtained by X‐ray crystallography or cryo‐EM result in experimental maps, ultimately fitted by atomic models. Although the physical principles are different, the final results can be viewed, compared, and evaluated in the same way. With cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo‐EM) on track to surpass X‐ray crystallography as the preferred method ...
Alexander Wlodawer   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

TRPML1 agonist ML‐SA5 attenuates pulmonary fibroblast activation by suppressing mTOR and restoring autophagic flux

open access: yesFEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
TGF‐β1 stimulation downregulates lysosomal channel TRPML1 in pulmonary fibroblasts. The TRPML1 agonist ML‐SA5 suppressed fibroblast‐to‐myofibroblast activation and collagen production. Mechanistically, ML‐SA5 inhibited mTOR phosphorylation, restored autophagic flux, and its effects were enhanced by rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor) and reversed by MHY1485 ...
Jiatong Yao   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Challenges of Iran’s Legislative and Judicial Criminal Policy in Dealing with Economic Crimes [PDF]

open access: yesFaṣlnāmah-i Pizhūhish-i Huqūq-i Kiyfarī
Economic stability is a cornerstone of the legal and social order in any society, and its absence can lead to multifaceted problems for governments. Consequently, criminal policymakers worldwide, including in Iran, have consistently endeavored to combat ...
zeynab Riazat, Zahra Ahmadi Natour
doaj   +1 more source

13. Preliminary Rulings

open access: yes, 2015
All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing able students with a stand-alone resource.
Paul Craig, Gráinne de Búrca
core   +1 more source

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