Nitrification in Premise Plumbing: A Review [PDF]
Water (Switzerland), 2020 Nitrification is a major issue that utilities must address if they utilize chloramines as a secondary disinfectant. Nitrification is the oxidation of free ammonia to nitrite which is then further oxidized to nitrate.
Tyler Bradley +2 more
exaly +3 more sources
Copper Corrosion and Biocorrosion Events in Premise Plumbing [PDF]
Materials, 2017 Corrosion of copper pipes may release high amounts of copper into the water, exceeding the maximum concentration of copper for drinking water standards. Typically, the events with the highest release of copper into drinking water are related to the presence of biofilms.
Ignacio Vargas +2 more
exaly +5 more sources
Methodological approaches for monitoring opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing: A review [PDF]
Water Research, 2017 Opportunistic premise (i.e., building) plumbing pathogens (OPPPs, e.g., Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium complex, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acanthamoeba, and Naegleria fowleri) are a significant and growing source of disease. Because OPPPs establish and grow as part of the native drinking water microbiota, they do not correspond to fecal ...
Anne Camper +2 more
exaly +6 more sources
Chlorine Disinfection of Legionella spp., L. pneumophila, and Acanthamoeba under Warm Water Premise Plumbing Conditions [PDF]
Microorganisms, 2020 Premise plumbing conditions can contribute to low chlorine or chloramine disinfectant residuals and reactions that encourage opportunistic pathogen growth and create risk of Legionnaires’ Disease outbreaks.
Rebekah L. Martin +6 more
doaj +2 more sources
Causes, Factors, and Control Measures of Opportunistic Premise Plumbing Pathogens—A Critical Review
Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 2021 This review critically analyses the chemical and physical parameters that influence the occurrence of opportunistic pathogens in the drinking water distribution system, specifically in premise plumbing.
Faisal I Hai, Jason Hinds
exaly +3 more sources
Effect of Chloramine Disinfection of Community Water System on Legionnaires’ Disease Outbreak, Minnesota, USA, 2024 [PDF]
Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe Minnesota Department of Health identified an outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease in a city in northern Minnesota, USA, in April 2023 that continued until chloramine disinfection of the community water system was implemented.
Molly E. Bledsoe +4 more
doaj +2 more sources
Containment of a KPC-CRE Outbreak Associated with Premise Plumbing in a Long-Term Care Facility— Minnesota, 2022-2023 [PDF]
Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare EpidemiologyBackground: On March 23, 2022, the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) was notified of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from a resident’s urine in long-term care facility A (LTCF-A).
Laura Tourdot +11 more
doaj +2 more sources
Prevalence of Infection-Competent Serogroup 6
mBio, 2018 Coinciding with major changes to its municipal water system, Flint, MI, endured Legionnaires’ disease outbreaks in 2014 and 2015. By sampling premise plumbing in Flint in the fall of 2016, we found that 12% of homes harbored legionellae, a frequency ...
Brenda G. Byrne +7 more
doaj +2 more sources
Photodynamic Inactivation of Opportunistic Premise Plumbing Pathogens and Their Biofilms
Processes, 2023 Opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens (OPPPs) form a group of microorganisms that normally live in water supply systems and have adapted especially well to the conditions in premise plumbing systems, and as such pose a threat to human health.
Martina Mušković +5 more
core +4 more sources