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The Programming Language Wars

Proceedings of the 2014 ACM International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming & Software, 2014
The discipline of computer science has a long and complicated history with computer programming languages. Historically, inventors have created language products for a wide variety of reasons, from attempts at making domain specific tasks easier or technical achievements, to economic, social, or political reasons.
Stefik, Andreas, Hanenberg, Stefan
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The Programming Language

2004
DSSSL specifies a programming language based on Scheme [Dybvig1996], a standard functional programming language. The two languages differ in some ways but these differences are not relevant to this book. DSSSL is a small and exceptionally clear language, designed to have just a few regular constructions that can be composed easily.
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Task specific programming languages as a first programming language

Proceedings Frontiers in Education 1997 27th Annual Conference. Teaching and Learning in an Era of Change, 1997
Summary form only given. This research investigates whether there is a difference in the acquisition of programming skills and knowledge as a function of a student's first language. Our research is concerned with the comparison of task specific languages and general programming languages.
A. Elliott, Mark Guzdial, W.M. McCracken
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Programming language semantics

ACM Computing Surveys, 1996
A programming language possesses syntax and semantics. Syntax refers to the spelling of the language’s programs, and semantics refers to the meanings of the programs. A language’s syntax is formalized by a grammar or syntax chart; such formalizations are found in the back of language manuals.
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The programming language PASCAL

Microprocessors and Microsystems, 1979
Abstract In Part 1, the structure of a PASCAL program as a collection of declarations and statements was laid out. This part begins with a description of PASCAL's unique facilities for defining data types to suit a particular problem. Statements, the sequences of reserved words, identifiers and symbols that specify the actions in a PASCAL program ...
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History of Programming Languages [PDF]

open access: possible, 2012
Hardware is physical and may be seen and touched, whereas software is intangible and is an intellectual undertaking by a team of programmers. Software is written in a particular programming language, and hundreds of languages have been developed. Programming languages have evolved over time with the earliest languages using machine code to program the ...
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The Programming Language

1991
The programming system ATES is especially devoted to large scientific and technical domains. It involves an algorithmic programming language, some program manipulation tools, and an execution environment, which all are integrated in the ATES system in such a way that a programmer can develop his scientific and technical application without having to ...
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Hardware architectures for programming languages and programming languages for hardware architectures

ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 1987
Programming Languages and Operating Systems introduce abstractions which allow the programmer to ignore details of an implementation. Support of an abstraction must not only concentrate on promoting the efficiency of an implementation, but also on providing the necessary guards against violations of the abstractions. In the frantic drive for efficiency
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Programming languages and logics of programs [PDF]

open access: possible, 1983
We prove the completeness theorem for a class of logics of programs. As corollaries of our result, we obtain the completeness theorem for a large class of extensions of PDL.
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The scriptic programming language

1991
Over the last years a vast number of parallel languages have been developed. A large part of these are not available on ‘normal’ computers, or they do not cooperate easily with other languages. This paper describes Scriptic, a parallel language that extends widely used sequential languages (C, C++). Scriptic offers great expressiveness by incorporating
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