Results 261 to 270 of about 1,861,153 (306)

Propensity Scores

Evaluation Review, 2005
Propensity score analysis is a relatively recent statistical innovation that is useful in the analysis of data from quasi-experiments. The goal of propensity score analysis is to balance two non-equivalent groups on observed covariates to get more accurate estimates of the effects of a treatment on which the two groups differ.
Jason K, Luellen, William R, Shadish, M H, Clark   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Why the Propensity for Propensity Scores?*

Critical Care Medicine, 2015
The propensity score (PS) was introduced by Rosenbaum and Rubin in 1983 as a way to eliminate confounding by indication (1) from observed covariates in observational studies of causal effects (2). The PS is the estimated probability that an individual would receive treatment (or be in the exposure ...
openaire   +2 more sources

Propensity Score Matching

Clinical Spine Surgery: A Spine Publication, 2020
Propensity score matching (PSM) is a commonly used statistical method in orthopedic surgery research that accomplishes the removal of confounding bias from observational cohorts where the benefit of randomization is not possible. An alternative to multiple regression analysis, PSM attempts to reduce the effects of confounders by matching already ...
Liam T, Kane, Taolin, Fang, Matthew S, Galetta, Dhruv K C, Goyal, Kristen J, Nicholson, Christopher K, Kepler, Alexander R, Vaccaro, Gregory D, Schroeder   +7 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Propensity Score Methods

American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2010
Version of ...
openaire   +4 more sources

Propensity Scores

2014
.
openaire   +1 more source

Invited Commentary: Propensity Scores

American Journal of Epidemiology, 1999
The propensity score is the conditional probability of exposure to a treatment given observed covariates. In a cohort study, matching or stratifying treated and control subjects on a single variable, the propensity score, tends to balance all of the observed covariates; however, unlike random assignment of treatments, the propensity score may not also ...
M M, Joffe, P R, Rosenbaum
openaire   +2 more sources

The Pros and Cons of Propensity Scores

Chest, 2012
Propensity scores have been proposed as a method of equating groups at baseline, which is a problem, especially in studies that do not use randomization. This article discusses some difficulties with the technique that may jeopardize the findings if users (and readers) are not aware of these problems.
David L, Streiner, Geoffrey R, Norman
openaire   +2 more sources

Prognostic Models and the Propensity Score

International Journal of Epidemiology, 1995
Subjects in observational studies of exposure effects have not been randomized to exposure groups and may therefore differ systematically with regard to variables related to exposure and/or outcome. To obtain unbiased estimates and tests of exposure effects one needs to adjust for these variables.
C, Drake, L, Fisher
openaire   +2 more sources

Propensity Scores and Propensity Score Matching for Assessing Multiple Confounders

2012
In the Chap. 23 methods for assessing confounders were reviewed. Propensity score are ideal for assessing confounding, particularly, if multiple confounders are in a study. E.g., age and cardiovascular risk factors may not be similarly distributed in two treatment groups of a parallel-group study. Propensity score matching is used to make observational
Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman
openaire   +1 more source

Understanding propensity scores

International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare, 2017
Ritin, Fernandez, Catalin, Tufanaru
openaire   +2 more sources