HIV reservoirs are dominated by genetically younger and clonally enriched proviruses [PDF]
mBio, 2023 In order to cure human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we need to better understand the within-host evolutionary origins of the small reservoir of genome-intact proviruses that persist within infected cells during antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Natalie N. Kinloch +16 more
doaj +4 more sources
Impact of misclassified defective proviruses on HIV reservoir measurements [PDF]
Nature Communications, 2023 Most proviruses persisting in people living with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) are defective. However, rarer intact proviruses almost always reinitiate viral rebound if ART stops. Therefore, assessing therapies to prevent viral rebound hinges
Daniel B. Reeves +7 more
doaj +5 more sources
Intragenic proviral elements support transcription of defective HIV-1 proviruses. [PDF]
PLoS Pathogens, 2021 HIV-1 establishes a persistent proviral reservoir by integrating into the genome of infected host cells. Current antiretroviral treatments do not target this persistent population of proviruses which include latently infected cells that upon treatment ...
Jeffrey Kuniholm +10 more
doaj +5 more sources
The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2023 Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) halts HIV-1 replication, decreasing viremia to below the detection limit of clinical assays. However, some individuals experience persistent nonsuppressible viremia (NSV) originating from CD4+ T cell clones ...
Jennifer A. White +29 more
doaj +2 more sources
mBio, 2022 The relationship between spatiotemporal distribution of HIV-1 proviruses and their transcriptional activity is not well understood. To elucidate the intranuclear positions of transcriptionally active HIV-1 proviruses, we utilized an RNA fluorescence in ...
Ryan C. Burdick +5 more
doaj +2 more sources
Regional Analysis of Intact and Defective HIV Proviruses in the Brain of Viremic and Virally Suppressed People with HIV [PDF]
Annals of Neurology, 2023 Here, we provide the first regional analysis of intact and defective HIV reservoirs within the brain. Brain tissue from both viremic and virally suppressed people with HIV (PWH) harbored HIV pol DNA in all regions tested, with lower levels present in ...
Thomas A. Angelovich +17 more
openalex +2 more sources
A quantitative approach for measuring the reservoir of latent HIV-1 proviruses
Nature, 2019 A stable latent reservoir for HIV-1 in resting CD4+ T cells is the principal barrier to a cure1–3. Curative strategies that target the reservoir are being tested4,5 and require accurate, scalable reservoir assays.
Katherine M. Bruner +25 more
openalex +3 more sources
Differential Expression of HERV-K (HML-2) Proviruses in Cells and Virions of the Teratocarcinoma Cell Line Tera-1 [PDF]
Viruses, 2015 Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV-K (HML-2)) proviruses are among the few endogenous retroviral elements in the human genome that retain coding sequence.
Neeru Bhardwaj +3 more
doaj +2 more sources
Persistence of intact HIV-1 proviruses in the brain during antiretroviral therapy
bioRxiv, 2023 HIV-1 reservoir cells that circulate in peripheral blood during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been well characterized, but little is known about the dissemination of HIV-1-infected cells across multiple anatomical tissues, especially the ...
Weiwei Sun +8 more
openalex +2 more sources
Single-cell TCR sequencing reveals phenotypically diverse clonally expanded cells harboring inducible HIV proviruses during ART [PDF]
Nature Communications, 2020 Clonal expansions occur in the persistent HIV reservoir as shown by the duplication of proviral integration sites. However, the source of the proliferation of HIV-infected cells remains unclear.
Pierre Gantner +6 more
openalex +2 more sources