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Determination of Natural Pyrethrins

Determination of Natural Pyrethrins
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Biosynthesis of the Pyrethrins

Nature, 1961
RECENT work1 has indicated that mevalonic acid (I) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of terpenoid compounds. We now wish to report some experiments which indicate that this acid is also involved in the biosynthesis of the ‘pyrethrins’, the insecticidal constituents of the pyrethrum plant, Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium.
M P, CROWLEY, H S, INGLIS, M, SNAREY, E M, THAIN   +3 more
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Total Synthesis of some Pyrethrins

Nature, 1948
IN view of recent publications in the United States, it is desirable to record briefly some of the results obtained by us during the past year or so. Following the demonstration by LaForge and Barthel1 of the heterogeneity of ‘pyrethrolone', the alcoholic component of the pyrethrins, and the revision by LaForge and Soloway2 of e structures of the ...
L. CROMBIE, M. ELLIOTT, S. H. HARPER, H. W. B. REED   +3 more
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Poisoning due to Pyrethrins

Toxicological Reviews, 2005
The pyrethrins have a long and fascinating history. They were derived from dried chrysanthemum flower heads that were found to have pesticidal activity centuries ago. They comprise a complex mixture of six main chemicals. Commercial formulations usually contain piperonyl butoxide, which inhibits metabolic degradation of the active ingredients ...
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Oxidative Metabolism of Pyrethrins in Mammals

Nature, 1971
THE natural pyrethrins present in pyrethrum flowers (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium) have attracted attention for more than a century because they are powerful insecticides yet have very low toxicity to mammals1,2. Concern about the persistence of some insecticides in mammals and in the environment has stimulated a consideration of the degradability of
J E, Casida, E C, Kimmel, M, Elliott, N F, Janes   +3 more
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Chemistry of the Natural Pyrethrins

1961
The flowers of the herbaceous perennial Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium Vis. (synonym, Pyrethrum cinerariaefolium Trev.), a member of the Compositae family, are valued for their insecticidal properties: the history of their employment has been discussed by Gnadinger (77,78).
L, CROMBIE, M, ELLIOTT
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Pyrethrin and Pyrethroid Insecticides

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 1990
Pyrethroids have a wide spectrum of insecticidal potency, vertebrate toxicity, and environmental stability. The exceptionally high selectivity ratios of pyrethrins and pyrethroids have resulted in their use for insect control in numerous formulations.
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Pyrethrins and Pyrethroid Insecticides

2011
Pyrethrum is one of the oldest and most widely used botanical insecticides and its insecticidal properties have been known for more than 150 years. The commercial limitations of pyrethrum extracts, which are collectively known as pyrethrins, have long been recognized because of their high rate of photodegradation and a short “knockdown” (rapid ...
Jerome J. Schleier III*, Robert K. D. Peterson   +1 more
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Effects of Pyrethrins upon Blowflies

Journal of Economic Entomology, 1941
The penetration of contact insecticides through the cuticle of insects and the consequent lethal effect should depend on the characteristics of the cuticle at the time of treatment. Immediately after molting or after emergence of the adult from the pupa the cuticle is softer and thinner than at other times. Therefore one might suppose that insects that
L. D. Anderson, R. A. Hook
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